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Facilities of Civil Protection for Issue of Means of Individual Protection
Jokešová, Markéta ; Doležel, Ludvík (referee) ; Svoboda, Bohuslav (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with the protection of population and with the means of the individual protection. The thesis is devided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The first theoretical part covers the means of individual protection for the given categories of people and it presents the legislation which is concerned this topic as well. The second practical part includes a plan of area coverage with the facilities of the civil protection for the issues of means of individual protection in Brno - north city district.
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Options of Units of Radiation and Chemical Reconnaissance of Czech Republic Army in case of Radiological and Chemical Accidents.
NIMANSKÝ, Jiří
In emergencies of radiological or chemical nature Fire Brigade of the Czech Republic is responsible for protecting the population, which is an essential component of the Integrated Rescue System . Its forces and resources are not inexhaustible, which would occur mainly during emergencies at nuclear power plants. The role of the army starts exactly in these cases, which would here, outside the tasks, strengthen the Police of the Czech Republic, engage in activities associated with radiological survey or decontamination. To answer this question, a simple analysis is conducted in this thesis and comparison of the technical equipment and material of individual protection of chemical services in Fire Rescue System (FRS) and URCR of ACR. The theoretical part is focused on the legislative framework of recalling the Army during an extraordinary crisis situation, the non-military use of the army for rescue operations and liquidations, recalling the Army to carry out the tasks of the Police in the Czech Republic in radiation breakdowns and in principles of coordination between the IRS services. The following chapter deals with a catalog of typical activities for joint intervention, which are a part of the required documentation of IRS. Three types of activities are chosen, where you can find specific cases of coordination units FRS of the Czech Republic and ACR. Another part of the thesis according to the research question focused on the use of units of radiation and chemical reconnaissance ACR to support the basic components of IRS in case of a radiation accident, radiation breakdown or accidental release of hazardous materials. Methodology of work is a comparison of basic equipment and technology of chemical services of Fire Rescue teams and radiation and chemical reconnaissance ACR. These widely used devices were chosen based on queries by chemical specialists FRS and ACR. The research question is divided into three parts. The first part compares individual means of protection and there is a basic division of filters. There are selected the two most commonly used protective masks, simple filtering clothing and two gas-tight clothing. The second part compares means for detecting radioactive contamination and there is a detailed description of the most common forms of personal dosimeters . In the third part, we describe the chemical detectors, the type of chemical papers, chemical detector CHP - 71 and its successor modernized CHP- 05. The method of comparison is only one possible way to achieve the objective of the research questions. Thanks to this method, this thesis was developed, the conclusions of which are summarized below. In the area of means of individual protection the results are clear. Protective masks, filter and gas-tight clothing of ACR, can be used in certain cases in case of a radiological or chemical accident . They are comparable with the equipment of chemists of FRS, in terms of used material, connections and air filters in protective masks. Restrictions emerges from the construction of protective clothing OPCH 05. In comparison to the protective clothing Dräger 7900, we must mount air device outside of the suit, and this must be taken into consideration in any decontamination hitting people. Already from the choice and a basic description of dosimetry means of ACR teams is clear that they are primarily designed for combat use of radioactive substances in case of war. Quite evident with dosimetric instruments and personal dosimeters manufactured before 1990. Here are the current needs or the needs of the deployment of emergency at nuclear power plants compliant with measuring ranges already obsolete units.
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Facilities of Civil Protection for Issue of Means of Individual Protection
Jokešová, Markéta ; Doležel, Ludvík (referee) ; Svoboda, Bohuslav (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with the protection of population and with the means of the individual protection. The thesis is devided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The first theoretical part covers the means of individual protection for the given categories of people and it presents the legislation which is concerned this topic as well. The second practical part includes a plan of area coverage with the facilities of the civil protection for the issues of means of individual protection in Brno - north city district.
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Effect of individual protestion to members of the Fire and Rescue Service of Prague in different stress situations.
NÁVRATOVÁ, Šárka
Social and economical development of human society, in this case on the example of Czech republic, logicaly leads to improvement and invention of new individual protection instruments. Maximum protection in proportion to the lowest mobility limitation is the purpose. Diploma thesis explains, firstly, the basic concepts to make clear, what the issue concerns and getting better understanding for people.. It also deals with clothing comfort for firefighters. Clothing comfort can be divided into four groups and as the complex of essential for proper performance and convenience of trespassing firefighter. It is a condition where the optimal physiological functions of the body and neither clothing nor the environment does not create discomfort. Next section of diploma thesis describes the personal protective equipment to protect life and health trespassing firefighter and thereby increase its work in various special occurrences. Each unit of firefighters should be equipped with personal protection equipments, and instructed on how their use it, maintenance and periodic inspection. Another section of the theoretical part is devoted to the means of individual protection, which also protects the body of firefighter and his respiratory system. There are the types of breathing apparatus and a description of the knowledge that a firefighter must have to use the breathing apparatus to be optimized in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and do not endanger the life of the user. Term minute ventilation is there also explained. Each person has a unique minute ventilation, which is very individual and depends on the work performed. Next point is the kinds of chemical protection suits, which are used during interventions, where the environment is contaminated with hazardous substances. The work of firefighters affects also negative effects. This issue is discussed in the next chapter, which describes the negative effects caused by the occurrence itself and the negative effects caused by climatic conditions at the location. The particular hierarchy of the fire brigade described in the next section, that deals with the General Directorate of Fire Rescue, the Fire Corps Rescue of country and fire protection units and their categories. The types of hazardous substances under the Chemicals Act and in accordance with the Order of chemical services are the last point of the theoretical part. The experiment is described and evaluated in practical part of diploma thesis which was attended by seven firefighters from the firefighter station Petřiny. Firefighters had to gradually undergo a prescribed route, they passed each time using a different suit. In order to avoid skewing the results, the firefighters between attempts to allow sufficient time for stale and soothe the body. They were obtained evaluation parameters in this way that were in the part of result processed and evaluated for total and average air consumption. The values, that were obtained, were subsequently processed into tables and graphs and the results were solved by using comparison and statistical methods. Conclusion of the work is devoted to the evaluation of the optimal protection of the firefighters, proposing measures for improvement and verification of the hypothesis that the performance of member of Prague rescue service is limited by individual protective means in extreme climatic conditions and load performance.
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"The Assesment of the number of the population in the South Bohemian region Applying to the Unpremediated Particular Protection in the Exceptional Case of the Release of Dangerous Substances"
UBLANSKÁ, Silvie
The aim of my thesis on the subject of "The Assesment of the number of the population in the South Bohemian region Applying to the Unpremediated Particular Protection in the Exceptional Case of the Release of Dangerous Substances" is to judge the informational margin about individual protection of the inhabitants in the South Bohemian Region, the standardizated equipment of protection and improvised equipment of protection, and about the possible risk of dangerous substances leakage in the place of their living. This information, which has been obtained by means of questionnaires, shall demonstrate how many people are going to use improvised individual protection and how many people are going to use standardizated equipment for protection in the case of extraordinary events with the escape of dangerous substances. In the description of the current situation, there is an overview of the laws and the establishment of the basic concepts related to individual protection. The practical part deals with the evaluation of these questionnaires that were accidentally distributed to the residents of the South Bohemia Region, and there is also a summary of this information within a comprehensive overview, including the division of the point of view between men and women or among people with different educational backgrounds. Preventative educational work among the population will contribute to higher protection during these extraordinary events regarding the escape of dangerous substances. The aim is to have a decrease in the health hazard and limitations of waste of human lifes. The most important result of my thesis are the findings that 82 % of the inhabitants in the South Bohemian Region are going to use improvised individual protection in the case of necessity.
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