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The electroral system for the Chamber of Deputies of Czech Republic: genesis, evolution and its future direction
Peškar, Michal ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Antoš, Marek (referee)
This final thesis deals with electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Its genesis, evolution and future are presented in 3 chapters and in the Conclusion. Work is designed as a case-study and it employs two methods - from general to particular, and from earlier to later. These methods are used in whole work as well as in particular chapters and subchapters. The first chapter introduces readers to the issue of electoral system in general. There are described two main voting systems - proportional and majority vote. Stress is put to the proportional system which has used for elections to the Chamber of Deputies. Also the question "which electoral system is the best" is mentioned. Following chapter surveys history of the electoral system and evolution from its establishment to the present. Main part of this chapter deals with a reform introduced in the year 2000 which was declared by the Constitutional Court as unconstitutional. New law, instead of blank spaces after the decision of the Constitutional Court, was adopted in the year 2002 and since that it has been valid till the present. The third chapter presents proposals of electoral reform from the year 2008 prepared by a group of experts on the basis of political assignment of contemporary Government....
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The electroral system for the Chamber of Deputies of Czech Republic: genesis, evolution and its future direction
Peškar, Michal ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Antoš, Marek (referee)
This final thesis deals with electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Its genesis, evolution and future are presented in 3 chapters and in the Conclusion. Work is designed as a case-study and it employs two methods - from general to particular, and from earlier to later. These methods are used in whole work as well as in particular chapters and subchapters. The first chapter introduces readers to the issue of electoral system in general. There are described two main voting systems - proportional and majority vote. Stress is put to the proportional system which has used for elections to the Chamber of Deputies. Also the question "which electoral system is the best" is mentioned. Following chapter surveys history of the electoral system and evolution from its establishment to the present. Main part of this chapter deals with a reform introduced in the year 2000 which was declared by the Constitutional Court as unconstitutional. New law, instead of blank spaces after the decision of the Constitutional Court, was adopted in the year 2002 and since that it has been valid till the present. The third chapter presents proposals of electoral reform from the year 2008 prepared by a group of experts on the basis of political assignment of contemporary Government....
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Formation and functioning of single-party governments under the conditions of proportional voting system
Tesár, Dominik ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Miloš (referee)
The text deals with the formation and functioning of single-party majority and minority governments in democracies with proportional voting systems. It focuses on the conditions and circumstances of formation of such governments and on the aspects of political system which affect these processes - specifically on party systems that use the Sartori´s typology, on particular settings and effects of voting systems and on legal and customary rules of government formation, especially considering the relations between the government and parliament. Subsequent case studies are dedicated to particular instances of single-party governments in European Union countries (Spain, Portugal, Slovakia and Sweden) in the 21st century and to the circumstances of their formation. It is concluded that majority single-party governments are formed under the conditions of regular proportional voting system in moderate pluralism in the case of voters being inclined in a certain direction. The magnitude of constituencies is significantly influential in these cases. Minority single-party governments are formed in political cultures where it is acceptable, when no party wins an absolute majority of parliament seats, and if - thanks to the party system or to the rules (like negative parliamentarism or constructive vote of no confidence) and customs of government formation and dissolution - there is no possibility or need of forming a coalition government.
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