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Primary care from the point of view of a pediatric nurse working at a general practitioner for children and adolescents
TLAČILOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis deals with primary care from the perspective of a pediatric nurse working in a general practitioner for children and adolescents. Our aim was to find out the specifics of the work of primary care nurses and their collaboration with parents of children during preventive checkups.The theoretical part focuses on the definition of the term primary care in pediatrics, regular preventive checkups, the job description of the primary care nurse, and educational and communication skills. Our aim was to find out the specifics of the work of primary care nurses and their collaboration with parents of children during preventive checkups. The practical part was developed in the form of a qualitative investigation using a semi-structured interview technique with non-medical staff in a general practitioner's office for children and adolescents
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The issue of preventive medical examinations in the population over 45 years old
ZÁRUBOVÁ, Michaela
The topic of my bachelor thesis is ´The Issue of Preventive Medical Examinations in Population over 45 years of age.´ The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the meaning and content of medical examinations at a practitioner´s and a dentist´s for adults, and at a gynaecologist´s for adult women in more detail. The practical part describes the determined hypotheses and the aim of the thesis, which was to find out the extent of awareness about preventive medical examination (further on referred to as PME) within healthcare in a chosen sample of Czech population aged 45 and more. The thesis methodology clarifies the evaluation of data gathered via my own research. For the purposes of my own research I have chosen the methodology of quantitative analysis, i.e. non-standardized questionnare (Appendix No.1). Using this questionnare, I was able to evaluate the determined hypotheses and find out whether respondents over 45 years of age are aware of the issue of preventive medical examinations. The research sample was made of 156 respondents, predominantly by women, 107, and the rest 49 were men. The pleasant finding is that most respondents attend their preventive medical examinations for adults regularly, i.e. 106 respondents out of the research sample, out of 156. 39 out of the remaining 50 respondents who do not attend regularly, have stated the absence of health complications as their reason. A less positive result of the research is that only 35 respondents out of 156 are invited to attend a preventive medical examination for adults by their practitioner. The rest of 121 are not, however, 98 of them would be interested in being invited. I have found out that the knowledge of PME for adults time range at a practitioner´s does not differ in terms of age, according to my research not even education plays a role, there are no differences even in ways of PME invitation preference given by age.
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Monitoring of prevention programs and activities promoting public health by health insurance companies
VOLFOVÁ, Jana
Public health insurance system is compulsory for all people permanently living in the Czech Republic as well as for foreigners who work here. Insurance begins with the day of birth, with the day of obtaining permanent residence or if a foreigner who does not have a permanent residence in the area of Czech Republic, has become an employee here. Insurance expires with the citizen´s death, with the end of their permanent residence, or if the citizen without a permanent residence has ended their employment in the Czech Republic. Nowadays, there are seven health insurance companies that may pay different health services beyond paid health care from prevention funding, thus offer their clients a range of contributions. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether prevention programmes offered by individual health insurance companies differ, and whether using of the offered benefits for health support differs according to clients´gender and education, and whether the frequency of changing health insurance company depends on the client´s gender. I have created a non-standardized questionnaire with 18 questions to refute or confirm my hypotheses, and thus evaluate the aims of my thesis. Testing of my hypotheses happened via the chi-quadrat test, where I found out that using of the offered benefits (financial aid provided beyond public insurance for health support) differs according to gender, but does not differ according to the clients´ education. I have also found out that the frequency of changing health insurance company does not depend on the client´s gender. Comparing prevention programmes of different health insurance companies has made me conclude that benefits differ, and thus it is up to the client to decide at which health insurance company to insure themselves. Whether they follow the offered benefit spectre or the fact that the insurance company has entered a contract with their doctor.
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Prevention yes or no.
Švancarová, Iveta ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Eislerová, Iva (referee)
In this paper I discuss the scope and availability of preventive care offered to the citizens in the Czech Republic. In summary, there is provided a legal framework for preventive examinations for adults, guidelines for their delivery, their complex content, including other preventive recommendations. Are mentioned preventive programs recommended cancer specialist oncology company, in accordance with the recommendations of the Council of the European Union. They are listed here preventative programs related to breast cancer, colorectal cancer and cervical cancer. Colorectal cancer is a analysis in more detail, including the possibility of screening tests and stool tests for blood in the stool. The research is by using questionnaires focused on the research, which covers just preventive examinations, stool tests for the presence of blood in the context of their use, customer information, including their compliance. There is an emphasis on recommendations and the need for good screening operation, interdepartmental cooperation and appropriate information to citizens. What lessons and assessment would wish to use in their workplace in an ambulance practitioner, including the transmission of information and experience with this topic colleagues in between the involved ambulances. Key words: prevention,...
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Attitude to Prophylactic Check-ups among Nurses and Midwives
LENKEROVÁ, Petra
Abstract The thesis focuses on an insight into the attitude to prophylactic check-ups among nurses and midwives. The theoretical part deals with health, prevention, prophylactic check-ups, characteristics of attitudes and education. The role of nurses and midwives in prevention, definition of competences and lifestyle problems in relation to healthcare job performance is not omitted. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether nurses and midwives themselves regularly have prophylactic check-ups and how they approach the information on necessity of prophylactic check-ups in the public. Quantitative method was applied to the research. An anonymous questionnaire research among nurses and midwives working in primary care and in hospitals was used as the data collection technique. The total number of questionnaires returned from the respondents was 270, 91 were returned from primary care and 179 from hospitals. None of the questionnaires had to be rejected for incompleteness. A pilot study was performed within the research, where 10 questionnaires were handed out evenly to the primary care sector and to the hospital sector to verify whether no serious problems with their completion occured. Thanks to their correct completion they were included into the main research. The monitored hypotheses were statistically evaluated by means of the Pearson's Chi-Square Test and Fisher?s Test with low values in contingency tables. The fact whether participation of nurses and midwives in prophylactic check-ups differs with age was evaluated. The frequency of regular prophylactic check-ups was 62 per cent at the age below 40 and 98 per cent at the age over 40. Age has significant influence on medical prophylactic check-up attendance. Education level does not have statistically significant influence on prophylactic check-up attendance. The research has not completely refuted difference in prophylactic check-up attendance according to workplace type. Nurses and midwives working in hospitals have prophylactic check-ups less regularly than those working in primary care. Nurses and midwives in primary care are demonstrably older and they go to prophylactic check-ups more regularly. The difference in approach to prophylactic check-ups among nurses and midwives according to workplace type was monitored. Nurses and midwives have positive attitude to prophylactic check-ups regardless of the type of their workplace. They belong to the most frequent activities they apply to maintenance and improvement of their health condition. Nurses and midwives are first of all motivated to regular visits of prophylactic check-ups by the care of their own health. Statistical level was achieved in the tests for the total number of nurses and midwives regularly attending prophylactic check-ups and educating patients. The research has confirmed that nurses and midwives that regularly visit prophylactic check-ups have more positive approach to providing information to clients-patients than those that do not undergo the prophylactic check-ups. Nurses and midwives in hospitals pay more attention to the disease itself and to prevention of possible complications in patients than to general prevention and prophylactic check-ups in their educational activities. With regard to the set goals the final evaluation of the research has confirmed that nurses and midwives have positive approach to prophylactic check-ups and try to visit them regularly. Respondents from the primary care are older and visit the prophylactic check-ups more regularly. Prophylactic check-ups have priority in health condition support and maintenance for the respondents. The research has shown that the respondents working in primary care as well as those from hospitals educate themselves in the field of prevention and prophylactic check-ups and are knowledgeable about legislation applicable to prophylactic check-ups.
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Preventive examinations from the perspective of nurse
KVÁŠOVÁ, Iveta
The theoretical background: In society, the concept of health and illness is understood as two sharply separated values. The health affects the quality of human life. The aim of preventive health check-ups is to detect health problems and illnesses at an early stage. Each client is recommended to undergo a health check-up at the general practitioner each two years. Newborns, infants and toddlers under one year old should visit a practitioner nine times, another health check-up should be at the age of 18 months, then at the age of 3 years, and then every two years. Every citizen under the age of 18 years is entitled to undergo a preventive dental check-up every six months. A pregnant woman is entitled to visit the dentist twice during her pregnancy, an adult once a year. Girls from the age of 15 years should undergo a preventive gynaecological exam once a year. General practitioners and nurses, who guide patients their whole life in the health care system, symbolise a role of responsible and active approach to prevention. Preventive care service at work is carried out in order to report the statement of fitness for work. Aim: The aim of my Bachelor´s thesis was to describe the role of nurses during preventive check-ups at the general practitioner for adults. The research was carried out by a qualitative survey in form of non-standardized interviews. Firstly, we set three research questions: 1. What information about preventive check-ups do nurses give to clients? 2. How do nurses address their clients about the invitation for preventive check-ups? 3. What role do nurses have when carrying out preventive check-ups? During the research nurses cooperating with general practitioners for adults were interviewed. There were eight interviews in total in the region of Humpolec and České Budějovice. The interview itself contained 13 questions (see Appendix 1). The research took place in period February ? March. All respondents agreed with the research. The results of the research are presented in Chapter 4. Results: The results show us that all the respondents have got a secondary school education, only one of them has got a specialized training ?ARIP? (nursing care specialized in anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care). The respondents learn new modifications in preventive health check-ups from a doctor, or they follow trainings and seminars. The most of the respondents said that a lot of clients do not realize risks of not going to preventive health check-ups, except for university graduates who are aware of risks. Then, we have found that clients get information about the claim to preventive health check-ups from the respondents, doctors, leaflets, television, radio, and informative posters. The respondents give clients basic information about preventive health check-ups, schedules, home preparation for the medical examination, and a course of the medical examination. It has been found out that in some regions a low percentage of clients go to preventive health check-ups. The respondents try to convince risk groups, however, they do not insist on risk groups to come. The respondents invite clients orally for preventive check-ups, it is not used to send invitations anymore. The clients must look after their preventive check-ups by themselves. The respondents try to act positively with clients and to be a good example to them. It has been also found out that the respondents take care of sufficient consumer articles and hygiene and epidemiology mode during the preventive check-ups. In the waiting room the respondents and dealers are in charge of raising patients´ awareness. Conclusion: All the research questions were answered. The purpose of the Bachelor´s thesis was accomplished. Now, it will depend only on nurses and clients and their attitude to preventive health check-ups. As we say at work: "Prevention is better than cure."
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Attitude of the public towards disease prevention and possibilities of a nurse regarding this issue
VLADYKOVÁ, Kateřina
Abstrakt The topic of my thesis is {\clqq}Attitude of the public towards disease prevention and possibilities of a nurse regarding this issue{\crqq}. Health, as defined in 1946 by the World Health Organization, is {\clqq}a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.{\crqq} People can put their health in danger but on the other hand they can protect it and recover. It is therefore important to motivate, support and provide people with enough information so that they can look after their health properly. The thesis has two parts, a theoretical part and an investigative part. The theoretical part is focused on preventive medical examinations, various types of vaccination (compulsory vaccination, additional vaccination or special vaccination), health education and the prevention itself. The research was carried out by the method of quantitative research. Data were collected by questioning, by the questionnaire method. The research sample were members of the non-medical public coming from several regions of the Czech republic. Altogether, 150 questionnaires were handed out, the rate of return was 100 %. The respondents were members of the non-medical public over 18 years of age, from all education levels and from all walks of life. Three age groups were made up, the first group was from 18 years to 35 years, the second group from 36 years to 49 years and the third group consisted of citizens older than 50 years. Likewise, three education groups were created, in the first group were persons with basic education - without the General Certificate of Education, in the second group were secondary school graduates with the General Certificate of Education and the third group consisted of university graduates. The third criterion was comparison according to profession where citizens were classified as administrative staff or manual workers. The objective of my thesis was to find out the attitude of members of the non-medical public towards disease prevention in general, in particular towards preventive medical examinations and vaccination. Another objective of the thesis was to find out how members of the non-medical public view their role in care for their own health. The last objective was to find out how members of the non-medical public view the role of a nurse in care for their health. Except the main objectives we set two partial objectives as well. To compare attitudes of people to disease prevention according to age, education and profession, and the second partial objective was to survey desires and suggestions of members of the non-medical public regarding care for their own health by age, education and profession. Six hypotheses were stated. H1 {--} Members of the non-medical public go the preventive medical examinations, H2 {--} Members of the non-medical public follow compulsory vaccination, H3 {--} Members of the non-medical public younger than 35 years take active care of their own health, H4 {--} Members of the non-medical public older than 50 years expect activity from medical staff in care for their health, H5 {--} University graduates are more active than citizens with lower education as far as disease prevention is concerned, H6 {--} Members of non-medical public working as administrative staff have easier access to information regarding disease prevention than manual workers. The thesis could be used for educational purposes and also could help nurses to create preventive programs for the public and thus improve awareness of the general public.
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