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Role of physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity
VRTALOVÁ, Jana
The thesis deals with physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity. It is focused on children, namely pupils of the eighth and ninith grades of elementary school. Obesity is responsible for more human lives than both of the world wars and if we want this epidemic of obesity and problems associated with inactivity minimized, we have to start where it is most efficient and that is with children. The main objective is to explore physical activity in a selected group of pupils. Partial aim is to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the investigated group of students using somatometric measurements in the selected location. Another objective is to determine how many of childrens parents did sports in the past or actualy do sports. The final goal is to prepare educational material for students about the importance of physical activity. The work is divided into two parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part was compiled as a secondary data analysis. Sources of data and information originated from the Czech Republic and abroad in the form of scholarly books, journals and electronic resources. The contents of the theoretical part is focused on explenation of terms such as obesity, its consequences, complications, ways to prevent obesity, physical activity, appropriate kinds of physical activity and its effects on the human body. Distinctive part is the chapter dealing with the myths of obesity some of them are really surprising. The second part is practical part and includes its own research. The investigation was conducted in a primary school Komenského alej in Žatec for pupils of the eighth and ninth grades. File featured 107 pupils. The research was conducted as a quantitative survey complemented by measurements of somatometric indicators. The data were collected using a custom non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 14 questions and two columns separated by line for recording the exact weight and height. We checked these data at pre-agreed periods.
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Excess weight and obesity in the child age
FEDROVÁ, Vendula
This Thesis deals with the problem of excess weight and obesity in the child age. The problem of child obesity is described in detail and subsequently divided. The work deals with the causes of origins of excess weight and obesity in children; subsequently it describes the diagnostics of excess weight or obesity in children. Further, it describes various types of obesity, treatment and obesity prevention. The methodical part was elaborated with the help of the quantitative research. The data collection technique was utilized in the questionnaires for the primary school children from 4th till 9th classes. The aim set for the Thesis purposes was to map the problem of excess weight and obesity of primary school pupils both in the town and the country in 4th till 9th classes; mainly their eating habits and movement activities. This aim was fulfilled. In accordance with the aim hypotheses were set. The hypothesis 1 was: Excess weight will increasingly grow in children with bad eating habits. On the basis of the research this hypothesis was disconfirmed. The children with the considered problem have almost the same eating habits as the children with normal weight. The hypothesis 2 was: Excess weight will increasingly grow in children with low movement activities. On the basis of the research this hypothesis was partially confirmed. The children with the considered problem take part in sport bees 20% less frequently. In the remaining questions regarding movement activities, the evaluated results are almost the same for both categories of children. The obesity problem is not avoiding even the present time, either. Obesity has become a serious problem in all developed countries where the Czech Republic belongs as well. This problem does not involve the adult population only. Recently, we can meet with excess weight or obesity in children more often. Number of children with excess weight in this country keeps growing. This thesis of experts is confirmed even by the survey performed for this Thesis purposes. It is quite clear from the results that no fewer than 140 children, which equals 20 % from the sample surveyed, have the problem with excess weight or obesity. The allocation of excess weight and obesity problem was as follows. The highest obesity occurrence was within the age category of the 12-year-old, where 14 % recorded the excess weight. Within the age category of the 15-year-old 12 % recorded obesity. Of the total number with excess weight the total 38 % boys live with excessive weight and 25 % suffer obesity. As for girls, 18 % suffered excess weight and 19 % of them were obese. When comparing children with excessive weight in the country and the town it is obvious that in villages there are considerably more children having the problem of increased weight. 68.5 % village children with obesity or excessive weight against 31.5 % children from towns. Obesity of children is a problem of societies in a lot of countries. However it is just unsuitable eating, life style, in particular lack of movement which in the absolute majority bear their shares in the redundant kilograms. Therefore prevention is very important. Such prevention should be aimed at children and their parents from the babyhood.
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