|
|
Využití smart farming technologií při hospodaření na zemědělské půdě
Kovaříková, Jana
The bachelor thesis deals with the basic theoretical description of smart farming technologies or precision farming methods in agricultural land management. Precision farming is a trend that has been developing since the early 1990s. One of the elements of precision farming is locally targeted farming that works with soil heterogeneity and tillage using new technologies. Optimizing soil inputs (mineral fertilizers, pesticides, etc.) and applying them according to the current plant requirements is one of the goals of smart farming. Through precision farming agronomic practices, we can increase the efficiency of crop production, reduce the amount of mineral fertilizer inputs and improve both economic and environmental status. The aim of the presented work was to evaluate the variable application of essential nutrients (P and K) on selected plots managed in a conventional way using PREFARM. The experiment itself was carried out in the agricultural company AGROSUMAK a.s., The practical part includes a comparison of lump and variable application of potassium salt (K2O source) and triple superphosphate (P2O5 source) on three experimental plots. Data on plot heterogeneity were provided by AGROSUMAK a.s., which uses the PREFARM system. In the conclusion of the present work, the results are discussed and compared from economic, environmental and agronomic points of view.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení variabilní aplikace hnojiv ve vybraném zemědělském podniku
Necid, Václav
Precision agriculture with a focus on variable fertilization offers a sustainable approach to optimizing crop yields and minimizing environmental impact. This study aims to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of variable fertilizer application, assess its potential impacts on future agriculture, and guide sustainable and profitable agricultural practices. The objectives of this work include an extensive literature review on precision agriculture, plant nutrition with phosphorus and potassium, as well as an evaluation of the benefits of variable application of phosphate and potassium fertilizers. Field trials conducted between 2019 and 2021 on selected agricultural land with a total area of 103.09 hectares involved soil sample collection and the processing of results using the IDW interpolation method. In 2019 and 2020, variable application of stock fertilizers TSP (Triple Superphosphate) and DS (Potassium Salt) was carried out according to the created application maps and the given nutrient recommendation for the main cultivated crop, with a correction of the nutrient supply dose in the soil. The application was carried out using a Terra-Gator 8203 machine and an AirMax 2000 pneumatic spreader. Thanks to the RTK system and RAVEN GPS navigation, it was possible to achieve precise and uniform fertilizer application. The thesis includes an evaluation and determination of the value of spatial unevenness (coefficient of variation) of the land, indicating that targeted variable fertilizer application leads to a leveling of agrochemical properties of the soil. The economic evaluation of variable application showed that the yields of harvested crops were higher than the company's average, indicating efficient fertilizer use. The conclusion of the work compares the differences in costs between uniform and variable application.
|
|
|
Mapování půdních vlastností a ekonomické vyhodnocení variabilní aplikace zásobního hnojení
Blaha, Jiří
This master thesis is focused on the mapping of soil heterogenity by soil sampling. The experimental part of the work was realized on the arable land managed by agricultural holding Rostěnice a.s. within the research project NAZV QK21010247. Totally 1018 soil samples were taken during summer 2022 in irregular sampling grid in the area of 1 838 ha. After laboratory analysis of soil samples for estimation of main agri-chemical soil properties, a map of phosphorus was computed by using spatial interpolation techniques. The results has shown the high spatial variability within the observed fields. La-ter six variants of nutrient dose recommendation were compared. There were two uni-form rates (UNI_M3 and UNI_BK10) and four variable rates (VRA_M3, VRA_BK10, VRY_M3 and VRY_BK10). The economical evaluation prooved only small differences in total costs of phosporus fertilizers among the variants. However, the optimization of nutrient distribution within the fields based on the spatial heterogeneity and yield level is the main advantage of variable rate application.
|
|
|
Mapování heterogenity stanoviště pomocí metod a technologií používaných v systému precizního zemědělství
Šmoldas, Radomír
The master thesis "Mapping habitat heterogeneity using methods and technologies used in the system of precision agriculture" deals with the heterogeneity of fields in the selected farm Tršická zeměděská a.s. The thesis begins with literature review which has knowledge critical for practical part of the thesis. At the beginning precision farming and its goals are briefly described. Furthermore, the literature review deals with the issue of mapping the heterogeneity of fields and how to monitor it. The following section discusses global navigation systems. Specifically, what versions do we have and their contribution to precision agriculture. Literature reviews ends on the chapters of remote sensing and geographic information systems. The thesis continues with the practical part, which deals with the heterogeneity of selected fields in the farm Tršická zemědělská a. s. First, however, the natural and production conditions and the equipment of the farm are described. After that the supply of macroelements and pH was monitored on the selected fields, and maps of the supply were created in the ArcGIS program. Subsequently, these maps were compared with the results from 2021. Finally, maps of the recommended rate of variable fertilization of the fields were created for the model crop and desired yield.
|
|
|
Technická úroveň traktorů používaných aktuálně v zemědělství
LIŠKA, Michal
The historical development of tractors is summarized in the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis. Furthermore, the technology of currently used tractors and a description of the individual systems that currently used tractors in agriculture have are described here. In the practical part, based on a questionnaire survey, the development of tractors in selected agricultural enterprises in the vicinity of Jindřichov Hradec and their current technical level are monitored. Information from individual agricultural enterprises is subsequently summarized in statistics showing the shift of tractor vehicle fleets in the selected area.
|
|
|
Metody hodnocení nevyrovnanosti pozemků v precizním zemědělství
Valík, Jan
Nowadays there are increasing demands on farmers and the quality and quantity of their production and its impact on the environment. Precision agriculture is a management method that emphasizes land heterogeneity in relation to input optimalization. Thus, the impact on the environment is reduced and material inputs are used effectively. To use the methods of precision agriculture, it is first necessary to have comprehensive information on the heterogeneity of land. Without them, it would not be possible to use precision approach. This work deals with mapping land heterogeneity for the purposes of precision agriculture. Direct and indirect methods are used for mapping. Direct methods include soil and plant sampling and their following processing. Today, indirect methods using sensor technology for estimating soil and vegetation properties are increasingly used. The practical part of this work is devoted to the evaluation of heterogeneity mapping methods used by the Agroprogres Kateřinky s. r. o. company in the Opava region.
|
|
|
Vliv parametrů pozemku na nasazení techniky
Šmíd, Zdeněk
Data management helps farmers to better organize their work and plan the movement of machinery in the field, depending on legal or geographical conditions. Guidance, data collection and software used for optimization, as well as its functions, possibilities and working environment are described in the theoretical part of the work. Furthermore, the methodology describes the methods of measurement and evaluation. The own work verifies the effect of optimization on the operation in the field. The verification was realized by collecting data of the movement in the field and their subsequent evaluation. At the end of the work is the evaluation of the measurement results and whether the optimization of the movement of machines on the land makes sense. By processing the results, it was found that the optimization of guidance lines around the land reduced the time required for turning by up to 21 % and thus the consumption of diesel by 6,5 %.
|
|
|
Porovnání secích strojů v konvenčním a precizním zemědělství
BAUMRUK, Jan
We will focus on comparing the same set, which is equipped with a GPS control system. In the first attempt, the set will be controlled by the navigation system when sowing winter wheat, in the second attempt the set will be controlled by the driver. For these experiments, all available parameters will be measured. The return, performance and economy of the whole set will be calculated from these parameters.
|
|
|
The yield and quality of spring barley in depending on nitrogen fertilization
MACHALOVÁ, Tereza
This diploma thesis deals with nitrogen fertilization of spring barely for malting purposes. The aim of this work was to compare two types of fertilization, areal and variable applications, variety Laudis 550. There were different pre-crops, the first option had corn and the second potatoes as a pre-crop. The result took place using field measurements of yield elements, laboratory measurements and economic evaluation. In the final assessment of the data from this experiment, it was found that variable applications of nitrogen fertilizers are a positive agrotechnical procedure in spring barley. Variable applications result in higher yield and malting quality.
|
|
|
Industry 4.0 in Agriculture
ŠVEPEŠOVÁ, Ivona
This Diploma 's thesis is focused on a new technology in agriculture which are provided by Industry 4.0. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the use of Industry 4.0 in agricultural companies, its technologies, start-ups and projects. Then, based on the findings, devise recommendations. Industry 4.0 is in Agriculture called as Precision Farming or Precision Agriculture. In general, Precision Agriculture is a farming management concept based upon observing, measuring and responding to field variability and aspects of animal rearing. It also has the potential to optimize yields, increase corporate profits and at the same time reduce the negative environmental impact of agricultural activities. The first part of the thesis focuses on Industry 4.0 and competitiveness, as well as farming methods, technologies and projects which are implemented in plant and animal production. The second part is focused on the real evaluation of the current situation in the Czech Republic through a questionnaire survey. Using a questionnaire completed by over a hundred respondents, we are given a detailed overview of using Precision Farming in agriculture companies. The last part uses the statistical method, public researches and defines strengths and weaknesses of using Smart technologies. Based on this evaluation proposes recommendations for agriculture companies those who already use Industry 4.0 technologies, or those, who are hesitant to use it for the time being.
|
guest ::
