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Vliv institucionálního prostředí na vývoj ekonomik postsocialistických zemí
 Mádr, Michal
The dissertation thesis deals with economic consequences of established institutional environment in the post-socialist economies. The institutional environment is associated with political arrangement. The main aim was to investigate whether level of political environment affects economic performance in the post-socialist economies. The level of political arrangement is expressed by two groups of indicators. Firstly, a standard expression using the three indicators is employed (Freedom in World, Polity2, Liberal Democracy Index of the V-Dem Project). Secondly, the level is associated with the individual political regimes (democratic and authoritarian regimes; liberal democracies and non-liberal regimes). Based on received results of linear regression analysis, it can be argued that the higher level of political institution supports economic performance. Simultaneously the individual analyses indicate liberal democracies achieve the highest economic performance within the individual political regimes whereas democracies have similar economic outcomes to authoritarian regimes. The first partial aim was to verify opposite relation, it means whether factors of economic performance representing the Modernization theory have affected formation of political regimes in the post-socialist area. Probit regression analysis was used for attainment of the partial aim. The analysis identified the individual factors of the Modernization theory (level of economic development and schooling) have had impact on establishment of liberal democracies. According to the results of probit analysis the other two theories explaining establishment of political institutions were discussed, namely the Early Developed Institutions and the Natural Resources Curse. In the last part, the second partial aim was achieved by testing reciprocal causal link between level of political system and economic performance with using the test of Granger causality. The results indicate there is not reciprocal causal link in Granger approach between the observed variables. Simultaneously the reciprocal causal relation occurs only within liberal democracies.
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