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Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care
KADEŘÁBEK, Petr
The nursing care for the woman who has just given birth and for the newborn is performed by a member of the medical rescue service team, i.e. by a non-medical health professional. A non-medical health professional is considered a specialized nurse or a paramedic. During his career a paramedic may encounter the ongoing or the completed childbirth out of the hospital environment. He has merely a maternity package and other standard equipment of the rescue service vehicle at his disposal. However, in spite of this handicap, when comparing the hospital facilities, the paramedic must carry out the same professional performance, equally as in other acute situations. It is vital to offer the mother and the newborn the maximum of care and above all, to minimalize the threat to life. His task is therefore to be both theoretically and practically prepared for the childbirth in the field, including the following care for the mother and for the newborn in the conditions out of a healthcare institution. The bachelor thesis dealing the topic ?Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care? is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the ongoing delivery with the presence of a paramedic and with the temporary absence of a doctor. Among other points the bachelor work deals with the equipment of the rescue team vehicle suitable for the delivery, with medical examination of the woman, transport of the woman and the foetus in utero (i.e. in the uterus) to the hospital, accomplishment of the childbirth out of the hospital environment and the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. Due to the complex topic, I deal exclusively with the physiological childbirth, without including all possible complications that might accompany the delivery. The research of the bachelor thesis examines both the theoretical knowledge and the practical experience of the paramedics with an on going childbirth in prehospital conditions, including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. In connection with the objectives, the hypothesis has been set ? the paramedics have sufficient theoretical knowledge with on going deliveries including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The quantitative research, the method of questioning and the questionnaire have been applied. As a technique of questioning a printed, standardised and anonymous questionnaire has been used. The data were being collected since February to March 2013. The paramedics from the medical rescue service of the South Bohemia were chosen as a target group, forming together the sample of 102 persons. In order to confirm the given hypothesis, a set of specific seventeen questions focused on the nursing care for the woman and the newborn have been determined. The responses were counted, elaborated by the SPSS program and inserted into synoptic tables. Each question has been then statistically interpreted by the Pearson's chi-squared test. All in all, the adequate level of the theoretical knowledge was proved only in case of ten questions, the rest of the questions did not reach the sufficient level of the statistic importance. Therefore, it results from the research that paramedics do not have sufficient theoretical knowledge; the hypothesis has been then rejected. The reason is probably due to low frequency of childbirth situations in conditions of the prehospital emergency care. This work should serve especially to students and paramedics as a source and the summary of the information needed, mainly in the domain of the childbirth in the prehospital emergency care and nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The results of the research may become an impulse for launching special seminars dealing with both theoretical part and the practical rehearsal for the maternity situations in prehospital conditions.
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