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Proposal recovery orchards in the Thomayer Hospital
Mendlík, Petr ; Sus, Josef (advisor) ; Miroslav, Miroslav (referee)
In this diploma thesis, there is evaluated the state of the historic fruit trees, the possibilities of their maintenance and plans for planting new trees.
With respect to the current purpose of the respective area, neither intensive fruit production nor precise care can be anticipated. It seems that the most effective approach will be to manage the extensive orchards in the way it is still quite usual in the Czech countryside, or in the system of organic farming. This will allow taking care of the trees just moderately with occasional pruning, without using fertilizers and without pest control. This is in line with current approach to the care of the plants in Thomayer hospital area.
In the past the selection of varieties of fruit trees that have been planted has given priority to those known to be suitable for the local climate, those which are long-living and also those which are now rare but which were grown in former times and which are still valuable. For example some varieties of choosen apples are: 'Astrachán bílý', 'Baumannova reneta' and 'Zvonkové', pears: 'Magdalenka', 'Šídlenka' and 'Špinka', plums: 'Elena' and 'Durancie', apricots: 'Bredská' and 'Sabinovská', cherries: 'Koburská raná' and 'Srdcovka Krügerova'. Trunk heights were selected as half-trunk and high-trunk on vigorous rootstocks. The good reason for this height is that there are people passing close to beds and trees, they are parking their cars. Last but not least the fruit and leaves need to be out of the reach of grazing sheep.
All currently existing fruit trees have been maintained in completely non professional manner for the very long time. It is recommended that many of the old trees be removed. Those that remain will be only cherries, a few pears, plums, three apricots and two hazels. In total it is recommended to plant 192 new fruit trees. The new trees recommended are apples, more pears, more cherries, plums, more apricots and sweet chestnut.
It will be important to provide the financial resources, not only for planting the new trees, but also for their care, especially in the first years after planting, because the existing unprofessional manner of the fruit tree maintenance in the area is neither suitable for current strong and old trees nor for new ones. Moreover, lack of maintenance can directly endanger the growth of the new fruit trees and affect their future health.
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