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Fungi of the fruit trees with special reference to genus Neofabraea
Pešicová, Kamila ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Krátká, Jiřina (referee)
This thesis is a literature review concerning fungi associated with the fruit trees with special reference to genus Neofabraea. It is intend on endophytic fungi of all fruit trees and on pathogenic fungi of pome fruit. The genus Neofabraea is an important pathogenic genus whose representatives attack mainly apple and pear trees and cause bark diseases (anthracnose canker and perennial canker) and bull's eye rot of fruits. Identification and detection of them is difficult using conventional mycological and microbiological methods because these species usually do not sporulate in vitro. Therefore they are used modern, immunochemical or molecular-genetic methods.
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Fungi of the energetically important plants
Janďourková, Hana ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Marková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis gives a literature review of fungi of energy crops. The most important phytopathogenic and endophytic fungi of these plants are mentioned, with special reference to genus Fusarium. Energy crops are plants growing for phytoenergy. Species suitable for this purpose were chosen especially for great production of biomas with a cost. Various plant species are used for this pupose. Little information of mycobiota of the energy crops is known in comparison with traditional crops. Better are known phytopathogenic than endophytic fungi of energy crops. In my master's thesis I will study endophytic mycobiota of Miscanthus sinensis, Rumex patientia x R. tianschanicus and Sorghum, excerption of mycobiota of these plants was carry out with special attention. Anamorphic genus Fusarium belongs to the most important phytopathogenic and endophytic generas of herbs, therefore closer attention was paid to this taxa. Key words: phytopathogenic fungi, endophytes, energy crops, phytoenergy, Fusarium
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Fungi of the fruit trees with special reference to genus Neofabraea
Pešicová, Kamila ; Krátká, Jiřina (referee) ; Novotný, David (advisor)
This thesis is a literature review concerning fungi associated with the fruit trees with special reference to genus Neofabraea. It is intend on endophytic fungi of all fruit trees and on pathogenic fungi of pome fruit. The genus Neofabraea is an important pathogenic genus whose representatives attack mainly apple and pear trees and cause bark diseases (anthracnose canker and perennial canker) and bull's eye rot of fruits. Identification and detection of them is difficult using conventional mycological and microbiological methods because these species usually do not sporulate in vitro. Therefore they are used modern, immunochemical or molecular-genetic methods.
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Monitoring of natural occurence of mycoparasitic and antagonistic fungi in soil in the region of South Bohemia
BÍLKOVÁ, Jana
The thesis is focused on monitoring of natural occurrence of mycoparasitic fungi in arable soils. Study was aimed to isolate those fungi from selected plots with conventional and organic farming systems of the region of South Bohemia. Four isolated method were used for isolation of mycoparasitic fungi from soil.Among all, species of genus of Trichoderma, Trichoderma virens, Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata and Lecanicillium muscarium were the most frequently present and isolated species.The radial growth of strains and their production characteristic was evaluated. The efficacy of Trichoderma strains against phytopathogenic fungi (S. sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea a Fusarium solani) was evaluated.
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Induction of suppressive soil by introduction of mycoparasitic fungi against important plant pathogens
STREJČKOVÁ, Monika
This M. Sc. thesis is based on using of mycoparasitic fungi Trichoderma virens, Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata in biological control against phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium solani. The efficacy of mycoparasitic fungi against pathogens was evaluated in dual cultural tests. The strains of T. virens and C. rosea f. catenulata isolated from soils in the Czech Republic were tested in the experiment. Reference strain was GL 21 fungus T. virens reisolated from commercially available bio-preparation SoilGard and strain C. rosea f. catenulata reisolated from Prestop Mix. All the strains were tested for biological and production properties. All strains are able to colonize the substrate and to suppress the growth and development of pathogens. Strain GL 21 of T. virens was used for seed coating of variety Scirocco in combination with products Guar gum and Carboxymethyl cellulose, which served as a carrier for stick on conidia. After 3 days, the effect of fungus T. virens was evaluated on energy of germination, development of roots of grain. The grain health was determined after 7 days. The fungus T. virens has a positive effect on the grains germination and grain health. During the vegetation the influence of seed coating by T. virens was observed on growth and development of spring wheat. The parameters such as number of plants per m2, tiller numbers, plants health, stand height, number of grains in the spike and thousand grain weight (TGW) were evaluated. During the vegetation the fungus T. virens has positive effect on the plant height.
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