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Výživa dojnic na vybrané farmě
KORECKÁ, Aneta
This bachelor thesis focuses on dairy cow nutrition, housing technology, health and milking levels in pastoral farming in Ireland. A monitoring and evaluation method was chosen to address the issue and evaluate the information found. The monitoring was carried out over a two month period during the period of peak performance of the dairy cows. In the first part of the paper a literature review is presented. On farm, it was found that pasture rearing has an effect on lower dairy cow performan-ce. Nutrition here is provided by grazing or clover silage and pelleted supplementa-ry feed, which supplies balanced nutrients and minerals and vitamins not contained in the crop. The BSC was at a lower value. The main finding was deficiencies in milk hygiene.
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Analysis of the behaviour of selected categories of breeding cows
VESELÁ, Tereza
The aim of this thesis was to assess the differences in behavior of the two categories of beef cattle of Limousine breed, reared in the system without market production of milk, specifically heifers and cows with calves. Two seasons were selected (summer and winter) for the observation and the accent was on observing basic categories of behavior, such as feed intake, rest, standing and movement. The place where the research took place was the farm "Černěveský háj" located on the boundary of Strakonice, Prachatice and Budějovice district. Both behavioral studies were conducted for whole twenty-four hours. For night monitoring hunting camera with programmable video recording was used. The recorded data were written to the ethogram using descriptive interval method with length of interval of 10 minutes. During both observations the fundamental rules of ethology were respected. Traced values were evaluated by absolute time, its percentage and frequency and were subsequently completed with appropriate description. The results from this ethological research of heifers and cows with calves during two different seasons show that older cows have more regular and more keep basic categories of behavior during the day and more extend their regular behavior even throughout the year. Older subjects are able to make better use of pasture than heifers and address to it more time of the day (40% resp. 35%). During consummation of preserved feed ration heifers shortened their feed intake compared to cows (39% resp. 31%). By heifers there was also significant movement restriction, but to a lesser extent than in the case of cows. At the same time heifers prolonged period of rest from 33% to 50%. In conclusion, the obtained results show that the area in which the cows are kept is suitable for raising beef cattle without market production of milk. The breeder could only focus more on supplementing of graze with elements supporting natural welfare of beef cattle in year-round grazing.
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Behaviors in beef cattle in the intermediate
VESELÁ, Tereza
The aim of this thesis was to obtain and evaluate information from behavioural monitoring of beef cattle herd raised in the system without market milk production in the year-round grazing. The behaviour was recorded using interval descriptive method with the length of the interval 10 minutes. The monitoring showed that the feed intake was most intensive in spring (54 %) and the lowest feed intake in winter (39 %). The movement of the cows in spring and winter does not exceed 7% of the day. The biggest movement was registered in summer (12 %). The above findings were compared with data obtained from other authors and theirs researches. The achieved results show that this farming method is very suitable for ecological and aesthetic use of grasslands and doesn't affect the natural behaviour of animals and contributes to improve their welfare.
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