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Genetic regulation of Leishmania infection
Sohrabi, Yahya ; Lipoldová, Marie (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee) ; Kolářová, Iva (referee)
6 Abstract Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, which belongs to the top health problems because it is endemic in 98 countries in Asia, Africa, the Americas and the Mediterranean region, and is gradually expanding to new areas, including Central Europe and USA. Clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis include a diverse range of forms, ranging from non-lethal cutaneous leishmaniasis to potentially lethal visceral leishmaniasis. Asymptomatic cases are known to exist in endemic areas. Different species of Leishmania induce distinct symptoms, but even the patients infected by the same species develop different symptoms and may respond differently to the treatment. Thus, one of the challenges is to explain the observed variability of leishmaniasis that cannot be attributed to the currently known factors. To find novel regulatory factors of the disease we tested molecules that were shown to play role in other infections and mapped loci controlling parasite load after L. major infection. We also determined genetic control of survival after infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in order to establish whether there are common elements in response to L. major and TBEV. Interferon-induced GTPases (guanylate-binding proteins, GBPs) play an important role in inflammasome activation and mediate...
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Genetic regulation of Leishmania infection
Sohrabi, Yahya ; Lipoldová, Marie (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee) ; Kolářová, Iva (referee)
6 Abstract Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, which belongs to the top health problems because it is endemic in 98 countries in Asia, Africa, the Americas and the Mediterranean region, and is gradually expanding to new areas, including Central Europe and USA. Clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis include a diverse range of forms, ranging from non-lethal cutaneous leishmaniasis to potentially lethal visceral leishmaniasis. Asymptomatic cases are known to exist in endemic areas. Different species of Leishmania induce distinct symptoms, but even the patients infected by the same species develop different symptoms and may respond differently to the treatment. Thus, one of the challenges is to explain the observed variability of leishmaniasis that cannot be attributed to the currently known factors. To find novel regulatory factors of the disease we tested molecules that were shown to play role in other infections and mapped loci controlling parasite load after L. major infection. We also determined genetic control of survival after infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in order to establish whether there are common elements in response to L. major and TBEV. Interferon-induced GTPases (guanylate-binding proteins, GBPs) play an important role in inflammasome activation and mediate...
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Methods for Leishmania parasite detection and quantificatio as a tool for study of the pathogen-vector-host interactions
Kobets, Tetyana ; Lipoldová, Marie (advisor) ; Kodym, Petr (referee) ; Kopecký, Jan (referee)
Methods for Leishmania parasite detection and quantification as a tool for study of the pathogen-vector-host interactions Leishmaniasis in human is caused by total 21 species of the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania, which are transmitted by about 30 species of phlebotomine sand flies. Besides human, Leishmania can infect a number of vertebrate hosts. The major host cell is the macrophage, in which parasites multiply, eventually rupturing the cell and spreading to uninfected cells. Infected monocytes and macrophages circulating in the peripheral blood are thought to be carriers of the parasite to distal sites. Depending on the infected sites of the body, there are three forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral. Leishmaniasis is a disease for which we still lack effective, affordable and easy to use drugs. In addition, surveillance and control are also neglected. This thesis summarizes the results of several projects using different approaches for parasite load measurement in the mouse model of leishmaniasis, including two methods that were developed and optimized in our laboratory. Detection and quantification of pathogens belongs to the major topics of the research of various infectious diseases. This parameter is necessary for confirmation of the diagnosis, characterization...
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