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Závislost obsahu vybraných kovů na množství a kvalitě organické hmoty v půdě
Janovský, Jakub
The aim of the experiment was to assess the dependence of selected metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni and Pb) for the quantity of organic matter and its quality on arable land. Soil sampling was conducted in Starý Hrozenkov and Žítková, located in the White Carpathians. Soil samples were collected during the growing season of 2012, on a monthly basis (April to October) from a depth of 0-30 cm. To determine the content of available metals by AAS, soil samples were extracted with 2M HNO3. Determination of the amounts of soil organic matter was performed by an oxidometric method (Cox), for determining the monitored fractions of soil organic matter (humic substances, humic and fulvic acids) was used the method of short fractionation. The results of analyzes of soil samples revealed that the supply of all monitored metals was in Žítková lower than in Starý Hrozenkov. Like the metal was also the quantity of each fractions of soil organic matter at the site Žítková lower than in the soil Starý Hrozenkov. In both localities were found a positive correlation between Cox and almost all the monitored elements. In soil in Žítková was found medium strong dependence metals (r = 0.4339 to 0.6675) on the content of humic substances in soil and medium dependence Zn, Cu and Fe on fulvic acids. In the Starý Hrozenkov was medium dependence Pb, Ni and Mn on humic acids and medium strong dependence Fe on fulvic acids (r = 0.4459).
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Změny obsahu humusu a půdní reakce na vybraných lokalitách Moravského krasu
Boráková, Iveta
This thesis deals with the content of soil organic matter and soil reaction to selected locations in protected landscape area Moravian karst. 30 lokalities was compared (10 arable land, 10 permanent grassland, 10 forest). Samples were taken from surface mineral horizon in 2011 and 2013. In the theoretical part is discussed the issue of soil organic matter and soil reaction. There is characterized area Moravian Karst. The practical part includes processing methods, results, evaluation, statistical and graphical processing. Average content of humus increases in the order: arable land < permanent grassland < forest. The values in 2013 were lower than in 2011. Soil reaction was in 2011 for arable land, permanent grassland and forest vegetation very similar. Soil reaction was in 2013 similar only with arable land and grassland, the forests were lower. The values in 2013 were lower than in 2011 In 2013, the soil reaction is similar only with cropland and grassland, the forests were lower. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA: one factor) was shown influence the type of vegetation on humus content. Influence the type of vegetation on soil reaction wasn't shown. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated between the measured values of cnotent humus and soil reaction in 2011 and 2013.
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Rozdílné mikrobiální aktivity v rhizosféře trav Festuca ovina a Calamagrostis epigejos
Filipová, Lenka
The diploma thesis "Different microbial activity in the rhizosphere of grasses Festuca ovina and Calamagrostis epigejos" deals with the issue of climate change and eutrophication and their impact on the stability of rare habitats, specifically dry acidophilous grasslands in the Podyjí national park. The aim of the thesis is to study and collect the available sources about the issue of the interaction of soil microorganisms and plant roots in exceptional and protected dry grassland ecosystems, which are colonized by aggressive expansion of Calamagrostis epigejos, thereby compromising their integrity and stability. This issue is still not fully understood. Review of literature in the thesis describes the explanation of the most significant part of the issue - the nutrient cycling in ecosystems, C: N ratio, the role of microorganisms in the soil, and the importance of microbial processes in the rhizosphere and in grassland ecosystems generally. In the experimental part the hypothesis - that drought stress and eutrophication causes changes in the plant - microorganisms - soil system, which result in destabilization of the system, by an increase in leakage of nitrate and ammonium ions from the soil, and in changes in the quantity and quality of underground and aboveground biomass of Festuca ovina -- was confirmed.
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Identifikace negativních vlivů působících na přírodní památku Pahorek
Sklenka, Marek
Small natural sights in agricultural landscapes are threatened by a number of factors. To protect them you need to identify negative factors that influence them. Natural Monument Hill in the cadastral Bindings Vyškova is used as extensive pasture protected because of rare species of thermophilic plants. The area measurements were taken basal soil respiration, soil organic matter content in the soil by burning a number of moving forms of nitrogen in the soil. Contamination of the nitrogen from external sources has not been established, there have been differences in the content of organic matter in the soil, caused by the truth, like the management of the territory. Measurement of basal respiration showed dependency on the content of water in the soil during the vegetation period. The result of survey sites and outputs from laboratory measurements should be advised to head better care settings management of protected areas and improve its condition.
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Dynamika vybraných chemických vlastností povrchových horizontů Velkomeziříčska
Musilová, Martina
This thesis is focused on the potencial (pH/KCl) and the actual (pH/H2O) soil reaction fluctuation and with humus content in 15 different areas in the region of Velkomeziříčsko. There were taken some samples to assess the pH and humus content for three times in the autumn during the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 as damaged from the surface mineral horizon. My work is also consisted with the basic information about the soil reaction, content of humus in the soil, it's determination and the methods of the measurement evaluating and rating. By measuring was found that the average content of humus of the interest area is around 3,7 %. These values correspond to strongly humic soils. The highest content of humus was recorded at forest sites. The average value of actual soil reaction is 6,7 for the field and meadow and 4,2 for the forest. The average value of potencial soil reaction is 5,5 for the field and meadow and 3,3 for the forest. According to the one-factor-analysis of variance there isn't any influence on the date but there is some influence on the location in the statistics of taking the samples to study the change of pH/H2O and pH/KCl. According to the one-factor-analysis of variance there isn't any influence on the date and on the location in the statistics of taking the samples to study the change of humus content.
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