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The effect of water temperature on early ontogeny in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)during post - embryonic development
FRANTA, Pavel
This theses is made up from two methodologically identical experiments, which involved observing the starting time of key sections of early ontogeny (H95, S95, Re95) at a temperature of 24°C. The experiments used 29 groups of eleuterembryoes/larvae which were fed for 30 days, but timing of initial feeding of exogenous food was different between the groups. The first group began initial feeding at the age 72 hPF and every other group was fed for the first time 6 hours later than the previous group (the last group was fed at the first time at the age 240 hPF). The group, which wasn´t fed exogenous food during the experiment, served as control. The effect of timing of start feeding on morphometric and gravimetric characteristics, size distribution, survival and rate of cannibalism in eleuterembryoes/larvae was examined. A temperature of 24 °C was determined the hatching time of eleuterembryoes after 36, resp. 33 hours (1st, respectively 2nd experiment) from fertilization. The start of intake of exogenous food (S95) was determined at age 123 hPF, yolk sac absorption at age 150 hPF during the 1st experiment. At the 2nd experiment the start of intake exogenous food was determined at age 115 hPF and yolk sac absorption at age 161 hPF. During the interval from H95 to S95 records showed an increased rate of growth, especially the caudal part of the body. At the age from S95 to Re95, growth of unfed larvae was stopped (first effect of starvation). Almost all monitored parametres were significantly affected (P < 0,01) by timing of start feeding except for rate of cannibalism. While the percentage representation of large sized and medium sized individuals (the potential cannibals) was decreased with increasing the time of start feeding, the rate of cannibalism wasn´t changed. However the number of small sized individuals was increased with increasing the time of start feeding. The study of the African catfish confirmed the negative impact on survival, which is caused by a delay in initial feeding. Unlike survival, with morphometric parametres there wasn´t observed a significant decrease in values, provide the larvae was first fed before reaching the age of 216 hPF. It was also found that almost 100 % of the individuals in the control (unfed) group died at age 377 hPF. However the first indications of increasing mortality was observed in age 283 hPF. Based on the above information, the PNR (point of no return) was reached approximately at the age of 270 hPF in African catfish
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The influence of gymnastic exercises to correct posture for girls of primary school age.
ŠMOLÍKOVÁ, Tereza
This work is adicted to observation of younger school age girls posture. Respondents are divided anto two groups. One group consists of girls who are practising sport´s gymnastic and the other group are girls practising different or any sports. Disparity of these two groups is examined by means of a questionnaire In the theoretical part there are all information and continuity which are important for this subject, questions concerning gymnastic exercises respectively sports gymnastics. Such as physiological aspects burden for girls of younger school age, the function of the locomotive system, and the area kinesiology, such as muscle imbalance, muscle balance and upright body position. With respect to the topic, in this thesis also mentions of ontogenetic development of girls and also health education, especially lifestyle.Further the work aspires of the keywords clarificationof the whole research. In the practocal part there are evaluated the before mentioned, further the discussion and the overal results of the research. Where he was found positive influence of gymnastic exercise on posture in girls of younger school age.
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Bioenergetics of reproduction and postnatal development of two species of social mole-rat of genus \kur{Fukomys}
ZEMANOVÁ, Milada
The resting metabolic rate of mole-rats was measured with a close-flow respirometry system and body temperature was recorded with a rectal thermometer at an ambient temperature within and below adult thermoneutrality range. The development of ability to thermoregulate was monitored for pups of Fukomys sp. Huddling and presence of adults reduced the body heat loss of pups of all monitored age, but no effect was observed on the metabolic rate of the pups until they were two months old. Huddling had no effect on resting metabolic rate and body temperature in adult giant mole-rats Fukomys mechowii. The maternal cost of reproduction was evaluated in females from two species of the genus Fukomys. The energetic expenditure of females increased with pup´s age.
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The physostomous and physoclist fish: the morphological aspects of early ontogeny
STOPOVÁ, Barbora
This work {\clq}Comparing morphological {--} anatomic aspects early ontogeny of the fish group physostomous and physoclist` has the aim to describe early ontogeny of various fish - species from the group physostomous and physoclist and to compare rate of the organogeny at both groups. Organogeny physostomous and physoclist species is morphological the same, but basic principles are different, which are generalize like classification periods, stages, levels. Can be found some distinction of fish organogeny especially depending on phylogeny. Theoretic part of this work is focused on concept determination {--} group physostomous and physoclist, ontogeny and anatomy of the gas bladder. In the part with own issues there are microphotographs of early ontogeny and they were compared. Results of this work proved that the time which is necessary to finish some ontogeny grade from semination is notably different and development is overally longer in the group physoclist than physostomous. Work suggests that filling the gas bladder by the biochemical way doesn´t exit only in physoclist species but in poecilid too.
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VOJTA PRINCIPLE IN THE PHYSIOTHERAPY OF LOCOMOTIVE DISORDERS BY THE CHILDREN´S NEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS
KADLECOVÁ, Jana
My bachelor thesis deals with reflexology in relation to treatment of children with cerebral palsy (CP). As the Vojta method has been considered the most effective for treatment of patients suffering from any form of cerebral palsy, I have chosen as the main objective of my thesis the evaluation of effectiveness of treatment with the Vojta method. The respondents were two clients of the Arpida center for rehabilitation of handicapped people, who were undergoing treatment for triparetic and diparetic form of cerebral palsy. In the theoretical part I described facts about the disorder, including its etiology, symptoms, clinical manifestations but particularly diagnostics, prevention and treatment. Subsequently, I described the essence of the Vojta method as a diagnostic and therapeutic system. The practical part used a method of qualitative research, based on a secondary analysis of data and direct observation. The monitoring included a standard observation test Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and ADL test. To meet one partial objective of the thesis, i.e. analysis of experience of parents with treatment of CP using the Vojta method, I used a method of semi-structured interview. The examination of spontaneous mobility and the quality and quantity of body posture in the development of erective mechanisms has confirmed improvement in both the respondents after the applied therapy using the Vojta method, which has been demonstrated in the final kinesiology analysis. The case studies have shown that effectiveness of the therapy using the Vojta method is influenced by certain aspects, such as frequency, dosing, early beginning of the therapy, proper management of parents by the physiotherapist and the parents´ attitude to the therapy. The Vojta method represents a good basis for treatment of children with cerebral palsy but the rehabilitation shall be always an integral process. In conclusion of my thesis I have recommended to monitor clients in their development by using retardation quotient calculations.
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The graphic image of the increased tendency to agression and to violation of the clients of the Childrens home with secondary school in Šindlovy Dvory.
VESELÁ, Zuzana
In theoretical part I write about questions of present learning and behaviour difficulties theory, about the causes of these difficulties and about their impacts on the whole child's development in general. I target here the ontogeny of graphic displaying and I compare the viewpoints of PhDr. Milan Kyzour and Victor Lowenfeld. I also concentrate on agression types, agression classification, agression significance and agression sources in a human psychic apparatus. In the next chapter are given theoretical resources of artetherapy. In practical part is description of artetherapeutical approach in training-school. I mention here casuistries of three inmates. I concentrate there on characteristics of graphic displaying, or more precisely on specific pupils with the mentioned displaying. In artetherapeutical process is mostly viewed displaying advancement as the objective action of graphical-methodical guidance. Nevertheless, interpretative hypotheses are also included in practical part.
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Art Therapy - Working with Standard Population
STIBOROVÁ, Jitka
The topic will be divided into two parts {--} theoretical and practical ones {--} and a conclusion with an evaluation of the project. The theoretical part will include the basic data concerning developmental psychology together with a deeper insight into a period of adulthood and middle- and post-middle ages. It will be an outlook of a healthy population that deals with common situations of everyday life, with a period of their and their children´s maturity, with a choice of their first partner for life, with a departure of the partner and finally with their children´s leaving and arranging their own lives. My work will include some systematic procedures and casuistics among the selected clients. I will focuse on solving the common situations of everyday life in a Simulation studio together with an effort to approach a so called {\clqq}Healthy Rožnov Drawing``. The practical part will analyse the client´s work. In a conclusion I want to summarise my long-term activities with the above mentioned clients.
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Towards classification and terminology of early life history stages in fishes
Peňáz, Milan
This review paper analyses and describes main approaches in the classification of fish ontogeny and concerning terminology, it tries to summarize main results obtained as well as to point out and to discuss the main existing confusing problems, such a differently understood and differently demarcated larval and juvenile life history periods. Important role of absolute yolk amount on the character of early ontogeny, with consequencies on the strategies of reproduction a population dynamics is also emsized.
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