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Accrual principle of accounting
ŠIMKOVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the accrual principle of accounting. This means that costs and revenues are charged to the period with which they are materially and temporally related. This includes accruals, con-jectural items, corrective items, reserves and deferred tax liabilities. Accruals include deferred expenses, deferred income, accrued income, accrued expenditure. These items are first defined together with exam-ples of their accounting. Finally, the work deals with the items of the accrual principle according to the international accounting standards IFRS and the reporting of these items in the financial statements. Sub-sequently, these items are analyzed at the Zeelandia company. The main attention of the practical part of the work is devoted to the deferred tax liability, where it deals primarily with its calculation in 2023. Then follows a comparison of these items with a similar company. And at the end, there is a summary of changes to the Accounting Act related to this area.
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Long-term assets in terms of accounting, taxes and finance
KUNSTOVÁ, Kateřina
The goal of bachelor's thesis is to analyse long-term assets in terms of accountancy, taxes and finance and to evaluate acquisition, valuation, keeping records and accounting in selected accounting entity. A partial aim is to compare book depreciations and tax-off depreciations and possible recommendations for optimization of depreciations. The theoretical part defines acquisition, valuation, keeping records, accounting, depreciation and disposal of tangible and intangible assets in terms of accounting and tax legislation, where there is a difference between individual laws. The most important part is depreciations. Financial analysis focused on long-term assets and sources of financing of long-term assets are defined in terms of financing. All these areas are applied in the practical part to a selected accounting unit, which is the company ČD Cargo, a.s., An analysis of the data is performed based on the information provided by the companies, specifically the analyses of the acquisition, valuation, keeping records, accounting and disposal of assets, the calculation of the financial analysis and the analyse of the sources of financing. Book depreciations and tax-write off depreciations are calculated and compared not only due to deferred tax liability. Finally, recommendations are made for improvements in certain areas of long-term asset management.
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Applying accrual-based accounting method, effects on financial statements and related internal accounting directives
BÁRTLOVÁ, Marta
The aim of this diploma work is to describe the accounting methods and procedures based on an accrual basis and characterize the effect of these methods on financial statements. In the first part of this diploma work are described the accounting method based on an accrual basis. The work is mainly focused on the following topics: transitional items of assets and liabilities, reserves, correcting the value of property items and deferred tax. In the second part are assessed the correctness of the methods applied in the particular company and evaluated the impact of accounting methods on reported profit of the last five years. Further are written up internal accounting directives based on the accrual basis.
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Influence depreciation methods on trading income
KOPEČKOVÁ, Michaela
The topic of my bachelor thesis is {\clqq}Influence depreciation methods on trading income".The aim of my work is explanation of differences among book depreciation and tax depreciation methods and and evaluation of impact on trading income of company. The theoretical part is focuses on the characteristics of long-term assets, book depreciation and tax depreciation, income tax payable and deferred tax. Practical part is focused on application of these methods in particular company. Five possible variants of depreciation is applied to the assets of the company. The accounting entity is obliged to account deferred tax.
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Depreciation methods of long-term assets and their influence on the net profit of the corporate entity
KUBECOVÁ, Jana
The subject of my bachelor thesis is {\clq},Depreciation methods of long-term assets and their influence on the net profit of the corporate entity``. Purpose of this work is explanation of differences among book depreciation and tax depreciation methods and evaluation of impact on the net profit of a company. In the teoretical part I focus on characteristics, evidence, purchase, technical improvement and disposal of long term assets and corresponding book and tax depreciation. Practical part is focused on application of these methods. I present actual calculations of depreciation of long term assets, using annual report of Brisk Tabor a. s.
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