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Teorie a konstrukce mlátících ústrojí sklízecích mlatiček
Remeš, Jan
The thesis describes the history and the history of threshing grain combine harvesters. The paper describes the types of threshing unit. They are given energy indicators, the main technical data threshing system and their calculation. The paper gives an overview of the performance categories, sales, capital costs, operating costs and on the percentage of combine harvesters on the market today. The following describes the structure threshing device manufacturers marks Case, Claas, John Deere and New Holland, and there is shown a graphical comparison of their technical parameters. The work describes the mass flow threshing mechanism. Theoretical calculation is expressed by the dependence of flow quantity on the length of the threshing drum and then compared with the actual measured values.
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Porovnání vybrané sklízecí mlátičky v konvenčním zemědělství a v precizním zemědělství.
VALENTA, Pavel
The diploma thesis on the comparison of the harvest of cereals using the combine harvester in the quality of work is based on the technical literature review, which describes the individual parts of the combine harvester from the harvesting adapters to the threshing device. The methodology of this diploma thesis describes the procedure by which the results and values for the comparison of the Class Lexion 770 TT combine when working in manual control and GPS control (Global Positioning System). Measured, calculated and compared values obtained according to the 2019 methodology. Harvesting of grain crops using the combine harvester is compared in terms of harvest efficiency, harvest losses, machine throughput, performance balance and fuel consumption. The thesis also includes basic economic operating costs.
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Cereal pests and their natural enemies
Honěk, Alois ; Martinková, Zdena ; Platková, Hana ; Saska, Pavel ; Skuhrovec, Jiří
The methodology mainly summarizes the new results and experiences of the author's team, which has been studying the biology of some cereal pests and their natural enemies for a long time. The aim is to draw attention to selected species of pests, to provide instructions on how to recognize them, in some cases to find out their current numbers in cereal stands and within the possibilities of current knowledge to predict further development of their abundance in a given stand and estimate yield reduction. Another goal is to recapitulate protection options with an emphasis on the use of natural enemies. The third goal is enlightenment. The methodology provides an accessible way to understand the biology and population development processes of cereal pests (especially aphids) so that the reader does not remain a blind user of unwarranted practical instructions, but can decide for himself according to the immediate situation.
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Morphological, physiological and proteomic changes of cereals under abiotic stress
Kantová, Anežka ; Vítámvás, Pavel (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee)
Cereals are among the oldest crops that have been grown and used by humans as important component of their diet. It is an important source of livelihood for the human population and have a wide range of uses, mainly in the food industry. Cereals generally serve as a source of energy in the diet, due to the high starch content. The most commonly grown types of cereals are especially wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, but there may be other species such as oats and millet. However, even cereals do not avoid the problems associated with the action of abiotic stress factors. Their effect on all plants is manifested by a decrease in vitality, but in crops - such as cereals - mainly by a decrease in yield. Due to the reduction in yield, breeding of resistant cereal genotypes is now in the primary interest of breeders. This work summarizes the basic principles of the action of abiotic stress on plants and explains the reactions of various types of cereals to abiotic stress factors. Key words: proteome, physiology, cereals, abiotic stress, yield
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Physiological changes of cereals under temperature stress
Kantová, Anežka ; Vítámvás, Pavel (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee)
Cereals are among the oldest crops that have been grown and used by humans as important component of their diet. It is an important source of livelihood for the human population and have a wide range of uses, mainly in the food industry. Cereals generally serve as a source of energy in the diet, due to the high starch content. The most commonly grown types of cereals are especially wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, but there may be other species such as oats and millet. However, even cereals do not avoid the problems associated with the action of abiotic stress factors. Their effect on all plants is manifested by a decrease in vitality, but in crops - such as cereals - mainly by a decrease in yield. Due to the reduction in yield, breeding of resistant cereal genotypes is now in the primary interest of breeders. This work summarizes the basic principles of the action of heat/cold stress on plants and explains the reactions of various types of cereals to these abiotic stress factors. Key words: proteome, physiology, cereals, temperature stres, yield, abiotic stres
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Vyhodnocení zaplevelení množitelských porostů vybraných polních plodin
Růžička, Radek
This thesis deals with the evaluation of weed seed propagation of vegetation of spring barley and winter wheat. In the first part, the distribution of weed species due to the problems with which in practice on agricultural land facing perforce, supplemented by the possibility of regulation, which smoothly connects to a part of growing conditions recognized seed crops. The second part is described in detail with subsequent evaluation methodology weeds occurring in propagation of vegetation of winter wheat seed and spring barley
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Plevele ozimé pšenice a střídání plodin
Kosík, Pavel
The effect of crop rotation on actual weed infestation The aim of the thesis is to evaluate crop rotation on winter wheat weed infestation. Observations were performed at the field trial Žabčice (department of Mendel University Brno ) experimental sites. For year experiment (2015-2016) we used the arithmetic method and Statistica.CZ software for the statistical processing and evaluation of the individual plants and species. To determine the impact of followed factors on individual weed species, the detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) with redundand and canonical correspondence analysis, (CCA) were applied. The crop rotation greatly affects weed infestation and has a potential to reduce weed infestation in crops.
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Vliv vybraných agrotechnických faktorů na výnos a kvalitu zrna vybraných druhů obilnin
Burgetová, Markéta
The bachelor thesis describes the current state of cultivation of the main types of cereals (wheat, barley, maize) and the overall structure of crops in the Czech Republic. Selected types of cereals were described (economic importance, biological characteristic, growing technologies, qualitative parameters). In bachelor thesis have been analyzed the experiments with cereals growing under different conditions. Various methods of soil treatment were observed in the experiments (plowing, reduced processing, no tillage tech-nology, mulching), previous crops and their impact on yield and grain quality.
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