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Nurse's role in surgical site infection prevention in orthopedics
STRNADOVÁ, Iveta
My thesis is devoted to setting of boundaries for nurse's role in surgical site infection prevention in orthopedics. Surgical site infection is current subject in surgery. Description of historical evolution, characteristics and infection selection in theoretical part of thesis is based on actuality and numerous occurrences of infections. Risk factors leading to SSI were also described and we targeted them more specifically on presence in pre surgical, inter surgical and past surgical period. Description of the origin, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and consequences of SSI was also made for setting the point and completion of this problematics. Nurse's role in preventive measures is mentioned in special part in theoretical part of thesis. More specifically it is nurses role in pre surgical, inter surgical and post surgical period related to growth of SSI. Objective of research part was to chart nurse's role in SSI. Our intentions were specifically on activities in pre surgical and post surgical period. The empirical part of the diploma thesis took place through a qualitative research survey. The technique of the work was a semi structured interview with nurses working in wards dealing with patients with surgical site infections. Thirty two nurses from hospitals in Liberec and South Bohemian regions were taking part in interview. All of interviews were realized in February and March 2021. Results were all recorded on audio recorders and recordings were then rewritten and processed with paper pen technique. During the qualitative investigation, it was found that all nurses meet in their practice with patients suffering from, among other things, surgical site infections. With these patients, nurses perform preventive activities mainly in pre surgical and post surgical period. In their preventive activities, nurses are using available resources, habits of their department and knowledge that they have at place of surgical site infections. Meanwhile there is somewhat unity in ATB prophylaxis, in the area of preoperative preparation recommendations may vary, or are sometimes missing. This fact is then also reflected in clinical practice. Nurses are following rules of barrier nursing care and also they know and use modern trends in wound care. The nurses also demonstrated their knowledge in the field of monitoring the development of infections at the site of surgery in the postoperative period. The empirical investigation of the thesis tells us that nurses meet patients suffering from, among other things, with surgical site infections while providing nursing care. They know basic activities used to prevent it's spreading especially in preoperative and postoperative period which they apply in their clinical practice.
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The role of a nurse specialist in wound care in a hospital
VIDLÁKOVÁ, Nikola
The diploma thesis is focused on the current topic "The role of a nurse specialist in wound care in a hospital". Nurses specialists in care of non-healing wounds have an irreplaceable role in planning nursing interventions like an evaluation of a chronical wound, a selection of a suitable covering material, or an education of patients and their family members. In the given issue we deal with the theoretical part, where we characterize wounds, division of non-healing wounds, individual phases and continuum of wound healing. We also distinguish between treatment options for non-healing wounds and risk factors affecting wound healing. Part of the theoretical part is the characteristics of nursing care in wound healing and specialist nurse, her education, competencies, roles and cooperation in the nursing team. In the empirical part we use qualitative research, where the aim of the study research the way of cooperate nurses specialist with general nurses and the way nurses specialize with general nurses in the care of non-healing wounds.
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The Role of a Nurse and Specific Nursing Care for Minimal Invasive Cardiac Surgery Procedures
BENDOVÁ, Miroslava
The overall development of scientific and technical disciplines has enabled the introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques in cardiac surgery practice. Implementation of minimally invasive cardiac surgery brings many positive effects for patients and healthcare. At the same time, however, it requires for the nurses to have appropriate knowledge, skills and experience to effectively provide comprehensive nursing care. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. A total of four objectives were set. The first goal determines the specifics of nursing care of the patient before and after minimally invasive cardiac surgery. The second mapping the differences in nursing care in minimally invasive cardiac surgery from heart surgery classical approach. The third objective determines the role of nurses in patient awareness of minimally-invasive cardiac surgery. The fourth objective is focused on the needs and feelings of patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery. The results of qualitative research showed that preoperative and postoperative nursing care for minimally invasive cardiac surgery is similar to nursing care before and after cardiac surgery by standard median sternotomy approach. Nurses often wipe away differences associated with nursing care of standard and minimally invasive surgery, differences arose mainly after analysis of the data obtained. The differences include shorter hospital stay, shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, lower incidence of postoperative confusion, differences in invasive inputs, rehabilitation and awareness. For the majority of respondents from the ranks of the patients minimally invasive heart surgery technique had clearly positive impact on their mental condition.
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The role of nurse in the care of child patient with hemangiom.
ŠESTÁKOVÁ, Růžena
One of the most important areas of society-wide tasks influencing the health of the whole population is child care. It includes care of children with a hemangioma. Hemangiomas are the most common benign (not malignant) vascular tumours of a child age. This benign tumour may be present as early as at birth or appear in the first weeks of life. It is usually located on or under the skin surface but may also affect internal organs. Although a hemangioma may affect any body part, it is mostly located on the head and neck. A hemangioma is diagnosed in a tenth of new-born children. Hemangiomas typically appear at neonatal age or infancy. The objectives of the diploma thesis "Nurse's Roles in Care of a Child Patient with a Hemangioma" are to examine the roles of nurses in care of a child patient with a hemangioma, as seen by parents (mothers) of the children, and to identify which of the roles is the most important for the parents (mothers). It has also been ascertained whether nurses deal with any problems while providing this care and whether occurrence of a hemangioma in a child has any influence on the child's family. It has also been ascertained whether any complications are encountered in the treatment of children with a hemangioma. A qualitative research was used for data processing. Several methods of data collection were used. The researcher used a case history according to the model of Virginia Henderson, semi-structured interview with mothers of patients, data content analysis and secret participant observation during outpatient checks. The last method used was a survey aimed at nurses who took care of children with a hemangioma, asking them whether they dealt with any problems and complications in such children. The first research set consisted of ten child patients who were selected on purpose on the basis of pre-set criteria. The first criterion was presence of a hemangioma; five patients were hospitalised with a hemangioma and underwent a treatment with propranolol, while the other five patients with a hemangioma underwent only a conservative treatment. Last but the most important criterion was that mothers of patients with a hemangioma granted their consent to the research. These mothers formed the second research set and underwent a semi-structured interview focused on their personal experience with a hemangioma and on the work of nurses as seen by mothers. The last research set consisted of ten nurses who were also selected on purpose on the basis of a very important criterion, which was care of child patients with a hemangioma. This thesis may be of a benefit not only for professionals who are in contact with children with a hemangioma but may also serve to deepen general knowledge of other healthcare professionals who may encounter this disease either in their professional or private life. Based on the information acquired for the diploma thesis, was prepared for nurses and will be presented at professional workshops.
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