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Molecularly imprinted polymers as a tool for the isolation of key biologically active molecules
Vodová, Milada ; Jaroslava, Bezděková (referee) ; Nejdl, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on preparation and optimization of molecularly imprinted polymers that are selective for the selected nucleobase(uracil). Molecularly imprinted polymers, which wereused for selective uracil isolation, have been prepared non-covalent imprinting technique. As a function monomer was used in this case dopamine. The detection ofisolated uracil was made by capillary electrophoresis with absorption detection (–260 nm). Conditions for preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers,their binding properties, adsorption kinetics, and selectivity wereinvestigatedin detail. Mentioned polymer materials were as well used for uracil selective isolation and detection from complexsamples. Tomato products were used as complex samples. Uracil in those samples was usedasanindicator ofbacterial contamination.
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Detekce nukleových bazí pomocí kapilární elektroforézy
Hendrychová, Kateřina
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is one of the most important techniques used for high-throughput separations in modern analytical chemistry. Its main advantages include the possibility of using different detection techniques, speed and efficiency of separation as well as reproducibility. These properties are used in the separation of a wide variety of analytes ranging from inorganic ions to nanoparticles and were also verified in this work, in which the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA, nucleic bases, which serve as biomarkers for many disorders, diseases and food safety, were measured using capillary electrophoresis with a UV detector. The bachelor thesis is focused on the development and optimization of a method to detect and separate 5 nucleobases and purine. The separation was achieved by using 40 mM borate buffer pH 9,8 with the addition of 60 mM SDS as a detergent which forms micelles.
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Formation of nucleobases from formamide initiated by high-power density energy events
Michalčíková, Regina ; Civiš, Svatopluk (advisor) ; Šponerová, Judit E. (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with determination of nucleobases in formamide samples (pure or catalyzed form) after their initiation by high-power density energy events. The theoretical part states the reader to the problems of prebiotic chemistry and acquaints him with the various theories of the origin of the nucleobases. The experimental part deals with the analysis of the samples initiated by Laser System PALS, which was used for the simulation high-power density energy events. For the identification and determination of the final products of laser plasma initiated chemical reactions in the gaseous phase of the samples was used the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The liquid part of the samples and the nucleobases in this part were analyzed by the gas chromatography with the mass detection.
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Molecularly imprinted polymers as a tool for the isolation of key biologically active molecules
Vodová, Milada ; Jaroslava, Bezděková (referee) ; Nejdl, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on preparation and optimization of molecularly imprinted polymers that are selective for the selected nucleobase(uracil). Molecularly imprinted polymers, which wereused for selective uracil isolation, have been prepared non-covalent imprinting technique. As a function monomer was used in this case dopamine. The detection ofisolated uracil was made by capillary electrophoresis with absorption detection (–260 nm). Conditions for preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers,their binding properties, adsorption kinetics, and selectivity wereinvestigatedin detail. Mentioned polymer materials were as well used for uracil selective isolation and detection from complexsamples. Tomato products were used as complex samples. Uracil in those samples was usedasanindicator ofbacterial contamination.
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Experimental study of chemical evolution of biomolecules under early Earth conditions
Knížek, Antonín ; Ferus, Martin (advisor) ; Adam, Vojtěch (referee)
Origin of life is a still-enduring gap in human knowledge. This work is focused on revealing of several pieces of this puzzle. State of the art scenarios of biomolecules synthesis under prebiotic conditions are presented and discussed. This thesis presents our recent experiments suggesting a novel idea that neutral planetary atmosphere containing a mixture of neutral volcanic-type gasses (CO2, N2, H2O) can be converted over acidic mineral catalysts upon irradiation by a soft UV-radiation into a relatively reactive mixture of reducing gases (CH4, CO), which can be further reprocessed by high-energy chemistry. The resulting mixture (CH4, CO + N2) represents a common reducing atmosphere related e.g. to the chemistry of Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, as well as a possible representation of the secondary atmosphere of our planet. Also, photocatalytic reduction of CO2-rich atmosphere can explain the abiotic origin of methane on current Mars or other terrestrial planets. In our subsequent experiments, corresponding equimolar model mixture of CH4 : CO : N2 in presence of water vapour was subjected to reprocessing by high-power laser plasma simulating an asteroid impact - one of a series of impact events which the young Earth experienced during the first 600 million years of her history. Upon delivery...
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Formation of nucleobases from formamide initiated by high-power density energy events
Michalčíková, Regina ; Civiš, Svatopluk (advisor) ; Šponerová, Judit E. (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with determination of nucleobases in formamide samples (pure or catalyzed form) after their initiation by high-power density energy events. The theoretical part states the reader to the problems of prebiotic chemistry and acquaints him with the various theories of the origin of the nucleobases. The experimental part deals with the analysis of the samples initiated by Laser System PALS, which was used for the simulation high-power density energy events. For the identification and determination of the final products of laser plasma initiated chemical reactions in the gaseous phase of the samples was used the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The liquid part of the samples and the nucleobases in this part were analyzed by the gas chromatography with the mass detection.
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