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Communities of small terrestrial mammals in the surroundings of Vltava river
ŠPILAUER, Tomáš
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the influence of watercourse on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in landscape near river Vltava in South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about diversity, ecotones, biocorridors, watercourses and about ecology of small terrestrial mammals. The aim of the practical part is to compare biodiversity, abundance of small mammals and compare impact of watercourses on small mammals. During 2021 vegetation sesion the CMR method with ear tags was used. During three-days long captures were laid 25 traps in 5 metres distances in each of the three studied biotope lines (Forest, Meadow, Shore). In total 136 individuals of small mammals were captured. The species, sex, weight, foot lenght and age of captured mammals were determined. Two species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Myodes glareolus, Apodemus sylvaticus). In total of all 136 individuals were captured: 51 individuals of Myodes glareolus and 75 individuals of Apodemus sylvaticus. Significant difference in quantity was in the line Forest where were captured 23 Myodes glareolus and 45 Apodemus sylvaticus. In the line Forest were captured 68 individuals in total and the same number was captured in the line Shore (also 68 individuals). In the Meadow line no individual was captured.
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Vybrané aspekty ekologie drobných savců ve vztahu k variabilitě lesních stanovišť
Čepelka, Ladislav
The present thesis deals with the ecology of small mammals in forest ecosystems of Moravia (Czech Republic). Data were obtained in the period 2002-2013. The monitored habitats were at different altitudes, of diverse forest composition, under various methods of management and at different stages of succession. The localities were situated in lowland forests of rural landscape in southern Moravia and in upland forests of Jeseníky Mts. and Beskydy Mts. During the research, small ground mammals were captured with snap traps. Captured animals were classified according to species, measured, and weighed. The stomachs were removed and stored for subsequent ingested food analysis by NIRS. Saplings on forest plantations were monitored for damage caused by small mammals. At locations of interest in southern Moravia and in the Beskids, seed-mast crop of main broadleaved species was being detected there. In the evaluation of the obtained data, the diversity of small mammals synusias was monitored at sites in lowland and upland forest ecosystems. Habitat preferences of individual species were examined too. In the most abundant species, changes in the population dynamics during monitored period were detected. Special attention was paid to population characteristics in relation to the intensity of the seed crop. In mammals from southern Moravia, quality of ingested food (ratio of nitrogenous substances in the content of stomachs) was studied by NIRS. The influence of small rodents on tree saplings was monitored in Jeseníky Mts.
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Assessment of animal personality based on recaptures in bank vole (\kur{Clethrionomys glareolus})
ELEXHAUSEROVÁ, Anna
The aim of this study was to investigate the personality of bank vole using recaptures. Some behavioural types were determined (for example shy and bold) and influence of some factors on animal personality was defined (especially the daytime). The rate of repeatability of behaviour was also specified and the dependence of behaviour change on number of days between two captures was defined. Last, two types of tests used for animal personality were compared, indicating the differences between them.
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Magnetic orientation in the bank vole (\kur{Myodes glareolus})
NOVÁKOVÁ, Monika
The magnetic orientation was established in several species of rodents, but the mechanism of its perception has not been determined. Aim of this work was to verify magnetic sense in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and try to solve the nature of its magnetoreception in tests carried out in total darkness and when the horizontal component was reversed and the vertical component was inverted. A spontaneous directional preference in the magnetic field was tested in circular arena.
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Study of spatial activity of small mammals inhabit isolated forest draws in agricultural landscape with a focus on the use of surrounding food sources.
HAVLOVÁ, Jitka
Habitat fragmentation during 50s of 20th century caused decrease in food resource availibility for many small mammalian forest species. Despite all of the changes, those species managed to adapt to it - one of the adaptation mechanics has been migrating into agricultural areas. The main aim of this study was to describe the spatial activity of Apodemus sylvaticus and Myodes glaerolus inside two forst patches and compare it. My next aim was evaluate the significance of agricultural areas nearby the researched forest patches. One part of this was even the comparison of different marking techniques used for rodents in field. Data describing movement activity of researched species were collected using capture-mark-recapture (CMR) As expected the data differ - Greater mobility was found in A. sylvaticus, the M. glaerolus preffered to stay inside patches with larger vegetation cover. The raids into surrounding patches differed even in those two researched forest sites. In site "Samota" A. sylvaticus showed greater movement distance, however in "Hejtman" it were M. glaerolus expressing greater movement ability. Theirs movement were directed inside clover field. Both species of Samota site ventured into patches with dense plant cover, perhaps to minimise the risk of predation. The best method of marking proved to be the clipping the rodents ears with tags. As the next more efficient I would choose the ear-clipping.
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