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Principles of complex physiotherapy in a patient with multiple sclerosis in the context of the clinical course of the disease
HODÁČOVÁ, Barbora
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is the principles of complex physiotherapy of a patient with multiple sclerosis in the context of the clinical course of the disease. The aim of the thesis was to provide a comprehensive view of the given disease, from diagnosis to treatment, where I focused on the possibilities of therapy on a neurophysiological basis. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease for which there is currently still no causal treatment. As patients are often without clinical symptoms in the first years after diagnosis, they have the idea that they do not need to rush into long-term treatment. However, it has been proven that the only prevention of permanent neurological impairment is early diagnosis and almost immediate initiation of treatment, an integral part of which is physiotherapy. Together with pharmacotherapy and regimen measures, they give patients the opportunity to maintain a quality life. The practical part of this work was processed as qualitative research in the form of three case studies. More than one method of obtaining purposeful data has been used, the first was an analysis of the entire medical documentation, followed by an interview with the patient and taking a complete medical history, and finally a kinesiological examination was carried out. To evaluate the results of the four-month therapy an output kinesiology analysis was performed, which was compared with the input. From the results of the research, it was evident that therapies based on neurophysiology have the greatest impact in rehabilitation care. Since all three patients had difficulty with standing titubation, the therapy was partly directed at balance training using sensorimotor stimulation. Patients rated subjectively this concept as the most beneficial. Since the therapy was focused on all clinical symptoms comprehensively, the patients took away not only the possibilities of new exercise, but they got also educated about the correct movement stereotypes during normal daily activities in order to improve the overall state of health. The bachelor's thesis can serve as an inspiration for physiotherapists, what can be used in patients with multiple sclerosis and how to proceed in rehabilitation.
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