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Sytematics, palaeoecology and trophical structure of bivalve associations within the OAE2 in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Upper Cenomanian): Pecínov quarry
Kunstmüllerová, Lucie
Title: Sytematics, palaeoecology and trophical structure of bivalve associations within the OAE2 in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Upper Cenomanian): Pecínov quarry Author: Bc. Lucie Kunstmüllerová Department: Institute of geology and palaeontology Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Martin Košťák, Ph.D. Abstract: This master thesis provides an updated taxonomic inventory of the bivalve fauna of the Pecínov locality, places the fauna in its palaeobiogeographic setting, and addresses its palaeoecological significance. In the literature research part of the thesis the basic geology of the locality and an overview of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin are presented. Processes connected to the ocean anoxic events, specifically to the OAE 2 are also discussed. The research part of the thesis describes the systematics of the bivalve assemblage (with the exception of Inoceramidae) and its statistical evaluation with the emphasis on the environment interpretations of the locality. In total, over 350 specimens have been considered and assigned to 20 genera within 15 families and 9 orders. Bivalve functional morphology and guilds are described to interpret palaeoecology. Guilds are based on life habit and feeding category. Four main guilds are recognized: epifaunal suspension-feeders, semi-infaunal suspension-feeders, infaunal...
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Palaeoecological aspects of Rhynchostreon Bayle oyster evolution
Rantuch, Jakub ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Juřičková, Lucie (referee)
This paper presents a multilevel analysis of palaeoecological aspects of the process of the Rhynchostreon genera evolution. According to the latest results of research, the process of genus appears to be more dynamic than previously assumed.The processes of internal dynamics of the environment in conjuncture with other studied aspects of the late cretaceous environment (e.g. paleotemperature, salinity, etc.) were a significant factor that initiated the activity of selective pressure and represents an important factor in group evolution. In this work we provide the overall hypothesis about co-evolution of two intrageneric (sisters) lineages in Rhynchostreon genera. The definiton of evolutionary trends of intrageneric lineages within the presented hypothesis (including a new description of oyster species) is supported by various analytical methods, which anchors them in the current zoological nomenclature system. An electron microscopy, isotopes and biometrical analysis of a shell in cooperation with some of the sedimentologic methods suggest a relation of lithology (as a result of environmental aspect) and evolution process. The transregional concept of proposed ecological-evolutionary models, based on materials studies from various paleogeographic regions of cretaceous world, increases the...
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Sytematics, palaeoecology and trophical structure of bivalve associations within the OAE2 in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Upper Cenomanian): Pecínov quarry
Kunstmüllerová, Lucie ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Čech, Stanislav (referee)
Title: Sytematics, palaeoecology and trophical structure of bivalve associations within the OAE2 in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Upper Cenomanian): Pecínov quarry Author: Bc. Lucie Kunstmüllerová Department: Institute of geology and palaeontology Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Martin Košťák, Ph.D. Abstract: This master thesis provides an updated taxonomic inventory of the bivalve fauna of the Pecínov locality, places the fauna in its palaeobiogeographic setting, and addresses its palaeoecological significance. In the literature research part of the thesis the basic geology of the locality and an overview of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin are presented. Processes connected to the ocean anoxic events, specifically to the OAE 2 are also discussed. The research part of the thesis describes the systematics of the bivalve assemblage (with the exception of Inoceramidae) and its statistical evaluation with the emphasis on the environment interpretations of the locality. In total, over 350 specimens have been considered and assigned to 20 genera within 15 families and 9 orders. Bivalve functional morphology and guilds are described to interpret palaeoecology. Guilds are based on life habit and feeding category. Four main guilds are recognized: epifaunal suspension-feeders, semi-infaunal suspension-feeders, infaunal...
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Phylogenetic and ecological impact to the microstructures of mollusc shells
Nedvědová, Jana ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Simon, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis summarizes the available information on microstructures of mollusc shells. The aim was to provide an overview of the different types of microstructures for specific specimens from different environments, as well as to obtain as much information as possible about the ecology of these animals. The first part summarizes the basic information on the shell formation. The following chapter summarizes known microstructure types of mollusc shells. Microstructures of molluscs living in terrestric, freshwater and marine environment are discussed. The influence of temperature changes on the shell microstructure of V. viviparus, the occurrence of vaterit within C. fluminea shells, the extreme environment of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, as well as extreme temperatures on rocky shores, have been mentioned in more detail. The microstructures of related molluscs are compared with regard to ecology to determine whether the occurrence of microstructures in a particular group is given by the phylogeny of these animals, or if the changes in microstructures can be affected by different ecology. Key words: microstructures, molluscs shells, impact of phylogeny, impact of ecology, calcium carbonate, Mollusca, gastropods, bivalves
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Palaeoecological aspects of Rhynchostreon Bayle oyster evolution
Rantuch, Jakub ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Juřičková, Lucie (referee)
This paper presents a multilevel analysis of palaeoecological aspects of the process of the Rhynchostreon genera evolution. According to the latest results of research, the process of genus appears to be more dynamic than previously assumed.The processes of internal dynamics of the environment in conjuncture with other studied aspects of the late cretaceous environment (e.g. paleotemperature, salinity, etc.) were a significant factor that initiated the activity of selective pressure and represents an important factor in group evolution. In this work we provide the overall hypothesis about co-evolution of two intrageneric (sisters) lineages in Rhynchostreon genera. The definiton of evolutionary trends of intrageneric lineages within the presented hypothesis (including a new description of oyster species) is supported by various analytical methods, which anchors them in the current zoological nomenclature system. An electron microscopy, isotopes and biometrical analysis of a shell in cooperation with some of the sedimentologic methods suggest a relation of lithology (as a result of environmental aspect) and evolution process. The transregional concept of proposed ecological-evolutionary models, based on materials studies from various paleogeographic regions of cretaceous world, increases the...
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Cytogenetics and biology of selected representatives of the family Sphaeriidae
Kořínková, Tereza ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Reise, Heike (referee) ; Marec, František (referee)
"Cytogenetics and biology of selected representatives of the family Sphaeriidae" Mgr. ing. Tereza Kořínková Abstract of a PhD. thesis The thesis has a form of four separate articles, the full texts of which are included. Two of them were published, one was accepted and one was under revision before submission of the PhD thesis. The articles deal with cytogenetics, breeding and nutrition of selected representatives of the hermaphroditic, viviparous, primarily freshwater bivalves of the family Sphaeriidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Veneroida). Although various aspects of the biology of Sphaeriidae have been intensely studied for more than 100 years, many questions still remained unresolved. This thesis brings data on chromosome numbers of 11 species(10 of which have not been studied cytogenetically before) and information on the course of meiosis in two of these species (Chapter 1). Although the chromosome numbers are high (from ca. 140 to more than 240), the behaviour of chromosomes at meiosis rather corresponds to that of diploid organisms. Also the DNA contents in five selected species with high chromosome numbers (as measured by flow- cytometry) do not differ significantly from those in sphaeriids with a diploid chromosome number of 30. Such results contradict an origin of the high chromosome numbers by a...
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