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Vliv polymorfismu kandidátního lokusu na technologické vlastnosti mléka
VAŇKOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate the influence of milk betacasein locus (CSN2) polymorfic variants on production characteristics and milk technological qualities in Czech Simmental cattle and Holstein cattle. DNA extracted from milk of 702 cows was genotyped using PCR and RFLP methods. The genotypes A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 had the following distribution within the population studied: A1A1 in 11,40 %, A1A2 in 8,46 %, and A2A2 in 50,14 % cows. The studied milk parameters were the milk yield (kg), protein and fat percentage and protein and fat yield (kg). The statistical evaluation was made STATISTICA 12 program. We found no statisticaly significant influence of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk yields. The results might be biased by the relatively low amount of individuals studied. Research will continue within the QJ1510339 and GAJU028/2019/ Z grant.
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Analysis of milk production and fertility in dairy herd of Holstein cattle
VONA, Barbora
Bachelor thesis analyzes the milk yield and fertility of dairy cows in a herd of Holsteins and the factors that influence these indicators. Reproductive disorders and problems with fertilisation osten occur in breeding of high-yield dairy cows resulting in economic loss in milk production. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate selected impacts on milk production and reproduction at the level of the selected file. Evaluated the effects were genotype and age at first calving. Another significant outcome of this thesis was to assess whether a selected group of Holstein cows meets the requirements of selected breeding goal Holsteins. Analysis of selected data held in the company DZV Nova as, on a farm VKK Petrovice. Selected cows were divided into groups based on genotype and age at first calving. For testing the effect of genotype showed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in milk yield between genotypes. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between reproductive indicators, both between lactations, and in the case of insemination interval also the overall result. For further tested the effects were not statistically significant differences between the groups, but the resulting data is valuable to the zootechnical.
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Analysis of milk yield and fertility in the herd of dairy cows of Czech Pied cattle
VAFEK, Jan
Current economic conditions emphasize the efficiency of milk production. The two main factors that have an influence on the economics of dairy cattle are the milk yield and the reproduction. Therefore, the effort of breeders of dairy cattle is to achieve a milk production as high as possible while maintaining a good reproductive performance. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the selected effects to the indicators of fertility and milk production in selected Czech Pied cattle herd. Data were evaluated from June 2008 to October 2013. In the evaluation were included 290 cows that had completed lactation. For the monitored cows was evaluated the effect of lactation on a milk production, the effect of genotype and processing breed on the performance of the and milk components, as well as on selected reproductive indicators . For observed genotypes C1a C2 has been shown that cows of genotype C2 had a statistically significant higher milk yield milk (p < 0.05 ), while the cow with a genotype C1 had significantly higher fat content (p < 0.05). The effect of genotype on age at first calving as well as the influence of the length of the service period, interim and the protein was not statistically significant. An effect of lactation number on the content of the monitored constituents and quantities of milk was statistically significant (p < 0.05), as well as the yield for each lactation. Concurrently was shown an influence of age at first calving to the number of lactation of the monitored breed. In the analyzed dataset was shown the influence of milk production in the length of the service period and the interim. The service period for productive cows with milk yield over 10000 kg of milk per lactation was higher by 17.5 days and the interim by 42.3 days compared with cows yielding 6000 kg of milk per lactation (p < 0.05). It was also shown to influence of a refined breed on milk production and milk components . The crossbreeds of Czech Fleckvieh with the red Holstein breed had the highest average yield per lactation (7885,07 kg of milk) compared to pure-bred cows and the crossbreeds with the breed Ayrshire, which were statistically significantly higher in fat and protein compared with other groups of cows in the monitored breed (p < 0.05). The effect of processing crossing on the length, service period and interim haven´ t been proved in the monitored herd.
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Analyze of the milk yield and economics indicators in dairy cows of Holstein cattle
ZNAMENANÁ, Lucie
The aim of the trial was to analyze selected indicators of milk yield and economics of milk production in dairy herd of Holstein cattle. Economics of dairy cows is critical to keeping cattle on the farm. Among the main priorities that can improve the economic results of cattle, are mainly production conditions corresponding milk yields, good fertility, high quality market products, quality dairy nutrition, good health, appropriate management of breeding and compliance of welfare in the cattle breeding, because good health belongs among main conditions of economically successful milk production. In dairy cattle breeding herd of Holstein cattle in the farm Meclovská zemědělská, a. s. there were monitored 1081 dairy cows on the first to eleventh lactation for the two years (2010-2011). From the results, there was clear that 2010 was achieved higher milk yields (9 080,87 kg/lactation) than in 2011 (7 857,83 kg/lactation), a higher content of milk fat and protein, it was achieved lower costs (181,44 CZK/FD and 6,98 CZK/kg of milk) than in 2011 (199,40 CZK/FD and 7,92 CZK/kg of milk) and higher profit.
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An evaluation the reasons of the discarding of dairy cows from the breed
ZNAMENANÁ, Lucie
The aim of the trial was to estimate the most common reasons of discarding of diary cows from the breeding. The major priority is to keep good health of breeding dairy cows and welfare conditions in the cattle breeding, because good health belongs among main conditions of economically successful milk production. Among the most common reasons of diary cows discarding belongs discarding for udder disease, for disorder of the reproduction, the discarding from another health reasons, for low yields and for old age. There were observed 519 out diary cows in the herd of Holsteins breed, where was observed reason of the discarding by genotype, the first calving age, the age of discarding by indicators of the reproduction and milk yields. Health reasons (36,22 %) and disorder of the reproduction (34,68 %) of diary cows were the often cause of premature discarding diary cows form the breed, which increased the cost for herd replacement and reduced average milk yields. For the improvement of breed economic there is therefore key improvement of reproduction indicators and health.
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