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Levels of vitamin D in relation to respiratory diseases up to 19 years of age
KRAUS, Petr
Introduction: The positive effects of vitamin D on the human body are frequently discussed and investigated by numerous studies, both foreign and domestic, and its serum levels are closely monitored in relation to diseases. Vitamin D has positive effects on the immune system, influences intestinal calcium transport, is important for proper mental and physical development and growth of children, even during pregnancy, and helps prevent lung diseases. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between blood vitamin D levels and respiratory diseases in children. Methodology: Serum vitamin D levels and their relationship to respiratory diseases were also monitored in relation to gender and season (summer and winter). Sample: Blood samples were collected from 127 respondents aged 2 months to 18 years, including both healthy and sick individuals, for vitamin D levels. Data collection and processing for healthy children were approved by their parents (Appendix 1). Blood samples were collected over a period of two years at a healthcare facility in the South Bohemian region. The results were evaluated in two borderline groups, at 50 and 75 nmol/L. Furthermore, the vitamin D content of 10 diets of these children was processed and evaluated. The resulting values of vitamin D levels also included studied diets. Results: The results did not confirm the expected relationship between vitamin D levels and respiratory tract diseases in children in either borderline group at 50 and 75 nmol/L. However, partial effects on the respiratory tract were confirmed. Discussion: The author attempts to explain why the hypothesis was not clearly confirmed.
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Structuralism for the 21st Century
Vojtíšek, Martin ; Štojdl, Václav (referee) ; Rozwalka, Szymon (advisor)
Nomos is partly a theoretical project that explores differences between Dutch Structuralism and Japanese Metabolism and tries to find a contemporary architectural system, that is intended as a contemporary interpretation of these movements. The project emphasizes an underutilization of the changeability of our environment and tries to incorporate it into the design of the system so that the user can customize it. It explores ways to combine the benefits of organic growth and modular design through the simulation of a reaction-diffusion. The application of the system shows a possible solution in a specific context with the design of a fragment.
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Zdroje bílkovin v lidské výživě
Amirova, Sabina
This thesis includes literature data on the topic Sources of Protein in Human Nutrition. In the first part, the protein itself is described in detail, as a chemical structure in human physiology, structural units of protein at the level of biochemistry of amino acids and their brief description in human physiology, recommendations on the use of daily protein intake for various social groups, detailed information on animal protein sources and plant origin. The second part of the work reflects the problems connected with the difficult situation of individual territorial groups under the threat of "protein hunger". This work provides examples that serve as a barrier in the sphere of food production.
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Vliv úrovně metabolických procesů živočišného organismu na zastoupení lipidových složek mléka
Šulová, Marie
This bachelor thesis entitled ‘Influence of the level of metabolic processes of animal organism on the representation of lipid components in milk’ deals with physiological processes which influence synthesis, composition and release of lipids by secretory cells of the mammary gland through various metabolic ways. The introductory chapter focuses on the characteristics of the basic components in milk; individual fractions of milk fat are described in detail. The following chapters describe the synthesis of milk fat and lipid metabolism in the body of ruminants, namely cattle, and factors that influence the amount and composition of milk fat. A proposal of the methodology of experimental work describing division of animals into groups, feed diets and the overall progress of the experiment is a part of the thesis.
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Screening of selected alkaloids of Fumariaceae and Amaryllidaceae families on Farnesoid X receptor and the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1
Hutníková, Miriama ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Chlebek, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Miriama Hutníková Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. Petr Pávek, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: Screening of selected alkaloids of Fumariaceae and Amaryllidaceae families on the farnesoid X receptor and the G protein coupled receptor 1 Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and bile acid receptor associated with G protein 1 (TGR5) significantly affect metabolic processes in the human body. The role of FXR in neuronal apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has also been discovered. The possible structural similarity of the small lipophilic molecules binding to these receptors and the alkaloids found in the plants Corydalis cava and Narcissus pseudonarcissus, as well as the richoften use of these plants in traditional medicine, represent a potential therapeutic intervention for these molecules. In our screening methods, we performed tests using a luciferase gene reporter assay to determine the ability of the alkaloids to interact with FXR and TGR5 in the HepG2 cell line. Many derivatives have shown a strong ability to antagonize FXR and TGR5 activated by obethicholic (OCA) or litocholic (LCA) acids in this assay. Some of the compounds also demonstrated the ability to potentiate the effects of OCA or LCA. Cytotoxicity...
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Alcohol intake of athletic university students
HRDLIČKOVÁ, Vanda
The topic of my bachelor's thesis is "alcohol intake of athletic university students." The rate at which alcohol is broken down depends on a number of physiological differences, such as gender or the proportion of muscle and fat tissue. Despite its certain protective effects, consumption cannot be recommended - especially in combination with sport. In the practical part, a quantitative method of data collection was used. The research group consisted of 128 university students aged 18-30. The aim was to compare the different alcohol consumption of athletic and non-athletic students. The results of both groups were very similar. The most frequently chosen option was "I consume alcohol only occasionally (about twice a month)", as it was chosen by 40% of sports and 33.3% of non-sports respondents. This was followed by consumption 3-5 times a month, which was chosen by 36% of athletes and 41% of non-athletes. There was a higher frequency of consumption (several times a week) in the case of 18% of athletes and 16.7% of non-athletes. The last 6% of sports and 9% of non-sports respondents consume alcohol every day. Another aim was to examine the degradation of alcohol from the system. I tested 20 students (10 athletes, 10 non-athletes) by using an alcohol tester. Athletic men eliminated a dose of 40 ml of 34% distillate within 30 minutes. Non-athletes in double time, i. e. 60 minutes. All women eliminated the same dose of alcohol within a similar period of time (60-105 minutes), regardless of the level of their physical activity. All participants also provided a weekly dietary record, including alcohol consummation. After entering dietary records into the Nutriservis program, I came to an average energy intake and the representation of individual nutrients, which can also affect the degradation itself.
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Comparison of metabolic pathways in insect symbiotic bacteria
SCHÜRZ, Robin
Genomes of lice endosymbionts, Legionella from two different host species (Polyplax serrata and Polyplax spinulosa), were compared in their metabolic pathways. Preserved genes were annotated, mapped out for comparison and checked for their functionality. The annotated genes also were assessed for their Ka/Ks values and the COG categories they were included in.
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Imunoterapie metastazujícího pankreatického adenokarcinomu řešená na dvounádorovém modelu
SKALIČKOVÁ, Markéta
This master's thesis studies the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy based on TLR agonists and ligands stimulating phagocytosis, abbreviated as MBTA therapy, using a mouse model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The main goals are: (1) to enhance the efficacy of MBTA in the case of large tumors, (2) to enhance the efficacy of MBTA using a bilateral pancreatic adenocarcinoma mouse model, (3) to examine the potential of lipoteichoic acid to opsonize cancer cells and stimulate phagocytic cells.
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