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Membrane vesicles in bacteria and their role in antibiotic resistance
 Benešová, Anna ; Konopásek, Ivo (advisor) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee)
Membrane vesicles are produced by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Mechanism of their formation differs between these two groups of bacteria. It is caused by the different structure of their cell envelope. Gram-negative bacteria contain outer membrane and membrane vesicles can originate from this membrane. Membrane vesicles of Gram-positive bacteria are derived from the cytoplasmic membrane. They have to cross the barrier of the thick layer of peptidoglycan. Membrane vesicles contain cellular components whose properties enable vesicles to fulfil various functions. Antibiotic resistance can be counted as one of these functions. This thesis discusses three ways used by the membrane vesicles to protect the cells from antibiotics: transport of enzymes that degrade antibiotics, removal of antibiotics from cell's surroundings and role of membrane vesicles in horizontal gene transfer.
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