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Nurse management of patients with visual impairment during admission and hospitalization
PRÁŠILOVÁ, Renáta
The present thesis focuses on managing the work of nurses caring for patients with visual impairment. Visually challenged patients constitute a particular group of patients with needs and demands different from those of sighted patients due to their visual impairment. The research aimed to investigate the experiences and knowledge of nurses providing care to patients with visual impairment and to identify the most frequent challenges and barriers that arise when delivering care. The empirical part of the thesis used qualitative research methods. Data was gathered using semi-structured interviews. Even though the research results cannot be generalised as they are specific to the research population, they revealed many very serious difficulties that nurses and patients have to deal with daily. The research also highlighted the underlying causes of these difficulties. Nurses have limited experience in treating patients with visual impairment. The lack of training programmes for this specific group of patients means that nurses do not know how to approach and communicate with them appropriately. The results of the present thesis may inspire the management of healthcare providers responsible for providing a safe environment for patients with visual impairments. The research results indicate a general deficiency in training programmes focusing on the care of the visually impaired.
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The Matter of Evaluation of Patient's Needs in Surgical Nursing
KULAJEC, Teťana
Current situation: An issue of evaluating needs of a patient hospitalised at the surgery department is an initial moment of nursing care. At present, a development of holistic approach in care of a patient occurs as well as a cooperation with a family. Aims of thesis: To determine a role of a nurse in meeting patient´s needs, to determine how a family participates in meeting patient´s needs and to evaluate what are the differences between the needs of a patient recorded in nursing documents and current needs of a patient at a surgery department. Methodology: For processing the research part of the diploma thesis, a quantitative research construct and interviewing methods were used, techniques of data collecting by a form of half-structured interviews. Nurses employed at the surgery department participated in the research construct. Furthermore, there were patients included hospitalised at the surgery department at least two days and members of families who take care of the patient. All the interviews were evaluated by open coding through a method pencil-paper; the results processed by this method were categorised. To this part also an analysis of nursing documents of a given patient belongs. The nursing documents were analysed by means of secondary data analysis. Results: The role of a nurse is based on identification and following saturation of needs. During an evaluation of meeting needs, all the patients agreed with an overall positive evaluation. However, according to the nurses, these have not enough time for saturation the needs. A family participates mostly in psychological support, financial support, household functioning, necessary items delivery and following care in the care of a relative. It emerged during an analysis of nursing documents that the nurses did not re-evaluated patients´physical condition during a change of his/her health condition. Conclusion: To a complex evaluation and recording of the needs of patients in nursing documents a higher number of nurses in health institutions can contribute as well as introducing training courses and seminars focused on this topic.
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Meeting needs a higher level in patients with injury at acute care beds
ROUBÍČKOVÁ, Radka
Human need is a manifestation of a certain deficiency the removal of which is desirable. An injury disrupts the usual way of a person´s life, changing daily routines and reducing regular activities. A nurse working in the department where patients with injuries are hospitalized should have sufficient knowledge on the subject, must show patients her understanding and a personal interest in them as individuals. The first objective of study was to determine whether patients with injuries in acute care beds are met higher needs. The second objective was to compare the satisfaction of higher level needs in hospitalized patients with injuries in acute care beds by age and sex. The third objective was to determine the knowledge of nurses of higher human needs, and whether nurses are concerned about meeting needs in patients hospitalized with injuries. The survey was carried out quantitatively using the questionnaire method of data collection. Questionnaires were distributed to 55 nurses working in surgical departments of České Budějovice Hospital, plc, and Tábor Hospital, plc, and to 60 patients hospitalized with injuries in surgical departments of the same hospitals. The results of the quantitative research were evaluated using graphs. In accordance with the study objectives, the following hypotheses were stated: Hypothesis 1 Patients hospitalized with injuries in acute care beds show a need for meeting higher level needs. This hypothesis has been confirmed. Hypothesis 2 Nurses are concerned about meeting higher level needs of patients hospitalized with injuries in acute care beds. The hypothesis has been confirmed. Hypothesis 3 Women hospitalized with injuries in acute care beds have a greater need for meeting higher level needs than men. This hypothesis has been confirmed. Hypothesis 4 Elderly patients have a greater need for meeting higher level needs than younger patients. This hypothesis has been refuted. The findings obtained by the research could be used as information for the middle management of the hospitals departments where the research took place and the creation of educational material for nurses working there because it is important to learn more about the needs of patients in order to facilitate and improve meeting their needs.
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