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Detekce perzistentních borelií \kur{Borrelia burgdorferi} sensu lato ve tkáních savců přeléčených antibiotiky
OPELKA, Jakub
Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne illness caused by certain species of the spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. LD in humans affects multiple organs and although it is reported rarely as a cause of the death, it reduces the life quality of millions people around the world. All stages of LD are mainly treated with antibiotics doxycycline and amoxiciline. In 10 - 20 % cases, the symptoms of the disease persist even after treatment, but majority of practical physicians attribute these symptoms to psychosomatic problems. In this thesis the results of immunohistochemical research have shown that persistent forms of borrelia with a frequency of 0,16 - 0,3 individuals per 1 mm3 still exist in mammalian tissues after treatment with commonly prescribed antibiotics according to medical protocols. The ability to recultivate B. burgdorferi sensu lato from the tissues of antibiotic-treated mice confirmed their viability and suggest that relapse of infection can be caused by original infection.
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Reakce imunitního systému na spirochéty Lymské boreliózy v závislosti na jejich patogenním potenciálu
ŠMÍDOVÁ, Hana
An infectious disease known as Lyme borreliosis is caused by the bacterium Borrelia, which is transmitted to humans by ticks. The bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the pathogenic potential of three species of bacteria from the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, which are characterized by their antigenic equipment. Differences between these species result in different responses of the host immune system and also affect tissue specificity, it determines the target area in the body where a given bacterium persists and causes symptoms typical of its species.
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Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Objective: Summary of theoretical knowledge and the processing of case report of patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Abstract: This thesis consists of two parts. The general part contains a survey of the problems of Guillain-Barre syndrome as a clinical manifestation of a undergone Lyme borreliosis. The largest area is devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and subsequent treatment of disease called Guillain-Barre syndrome. A special section is devoted to case report and determination of the patient's plan of physiotherapy. The main aim of therapy was verticalization of patient into standing position with a view to return to normal life as before the illness. Case report was worked out on the patient's neurological department of the Regional Hospital Kladno a. s. at the time of continuous bachelor practice 9. 1. - 1. 2. 2012. Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, Lyme borreliosis, case report, physiotherapy, peripheral polyradiculoneuritis.
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Studie antimikrobiálního účinku včelího jedu na druhy borelie z komplexu \kur{B. burgdorferi} sensu lato: izolace genu kódujícího antimikrobiální peptid melitin z jedové žlázy včely medonosné \kur{(Apis mellifera)}
DAVIDOVÁ, Marie
The incidence of tick borne diseases has drastically increased over the past few years. Control of tick borne pathogens, especially spirochetes from \kur{B. bugdorferi} sensu lato complex, is complicated due to a lack of vaccines against them. The emergence of bacterial strains to well established and widely used antibiotics has become a serious public health concern. Analysis of new classes of antimicrobial peptides became the subject of new investigation due to their efficacy against disease causing pathogens. Among possible candidates, melittin from honey bee venom is of particular interest. The aim of this work was to study the effect of whole bee venom on Lyme borreliosis spirochetes. The minimum concentration of the venom that possesed the inhibitory effect on borrelia growth was identified. The gene enconding melittin was isolated from bee venom gland and recombinant melittin was produced in bacterial expression system. The effect of recombinant melittin on live borrelia culture was studied.
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Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Objective: Summary of theoretical knowledge and the processing of case report of patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Abstract: This thesis consists of two parts. The general part contains a survey of the problems of Guillain-Barre syndrome as a clinical manifestation of a undergone Lyme borreliosis. The largest area is devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and subsequent treatment of disease called Guillain-Barre syndrome. A special section is devoted to case report and determination of the patient's plan of physiotherapy. The main aim of therapy was verticalization of patient into standing position with a view to return to normal life as before the illness. Case report was worked out on the patient's neurological department of the Regional Hospital Kladno a. s. at the time of continuous bachelor practice 9. 1. - 1. 2. 2012. Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, Lyme borreliosis, case report, physiotherapy, peripheral polyradiculoneuritis.
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Analýza invazivní schopnosti a infekčního potenciálu nově popsaných druhů borelie z komplexu \kur{Borrelia burgdorferi} sensu lato, \kur{B. americana} a \kur{B. carolinensis} na laboratoním modelu infikovaných savců
ŠOLCOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of the study was to analyze the infectious potential of the newly described species, B. americana and B. carolinensis, studied on the laboratory model mammals mice. Our goal was to analyze and compare the vectorial capacity of two different tick vectors, Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes ricinus, in acquiring and transmition of both spirochete species to the host. The results of this study confirmed that ticks A. americanum and I. ricinus are capable to maintain and transmit B. americana and B.carolinensis.We confirmed that both analysed spirochete species, B. carolinensis and B. americana, showed the potential to develop the disease in laboratory model mammal, which indirectly support the fact that both spirochete species might be concidered as the risk factors in the area where they are distributed. Our results shows that A. americanum is able to transmit both spirochete species, which increases that risk of acquiring the Lyme disease to human population in the area of distribution of A. americanum
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Dog Lyme Disease
Grittnerová, Erika ; Kubík, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vynikalová, Lucie (referee)
Lyme borreliosis is a multi-organ disease caused by spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group. These bacterias are transmitted by ticks of genus Ixodes, in the Czech Republic by Ixodes ricinus. The main reservoirs including the ticks are rodents, insectivores and deers. Lyme disease is the most diagnosed infection transmitted by ticks in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. It is supposed that due to climate change in recent years it will appear more often. In the Czech Republic it is reported 3500 to 4000 cases per year in recent years. The greatest risk of infection is in deciduous and mixed forests, dense and tall vegetation and at locations along watercourses. Borrelia gets into the host body with a saliva of the tick and spreads through blood or lymph to target organs such as the nervous system, joints, myocardium, skeletal muscles, eyes and skin. In dogs the lyme disease manifests usually asymptomatically or by non-specific symptoms that can simulate a variety of other diseases. The most common clinical signs are lameness, fever, joint and muscle pains, lethargy, loss of appetite and swollen lymph nodes. Diagnosis of the lyme borreliosis is relatively complicated and it is based on an assessment of clinical signs, epidemiological history and laboratory tests. For detection of borrelia in the organism it is used direct or indirect methods. The most commonly used direct method is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that examines the presence of borrelia DNA in a sample. Indirect methods examine the presence of specific antibodies in a blood serum. Combination of ELISA test and Western blot seems to be the most reliable of them. Treatment consist in antibiotic therapy for several weeks. The basis of prevention is early removal of tick and measures to prevent its bite. These measures consist in using various acaricidal preparations. Currently for dogs it is available vaccine that however is not included in the basic vaccination schema.
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Citlivost spirochet Lymské boreliózy ke komplementu různých druhů zvířat chovaných v zoologických zahradách: potenciál rezervoárových hostitelů vybraných exotických obratlovců
TICHÁ, Lucie
Reaction of vertebrate serum complement with different Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species was used as a basis in determining reservoir hosts among domesticated and wild animals. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii were tested for their sensitivity to serum of exotic vertebrate species housed in 5 zoos located in the Czech Republic. We confirmed that different Borrelia species have different sensitivity to host serum. We found that different tolerance to Borrelia infection possessed by hosts might alter among the individuals of the same genera or species and is not affected by host's age or sex. From all zoo animals included in our study, carnivores demonstrated the highest apparent reservoir competency for Lyme borreliosis spirochetes.
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Sensitivity of spirochetes from \kur{Borrelia burgdorferi} sensu lato complex to human complement: infection potential of selected species
TICHÁ, Lucie
Sensitivity of spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex to serum complement of humans of different age and sex was analyzed. Complement-mediated Borrelia killing was observed in different combination of serum and selected Borrelia genospecies. The obtained results confirmed that age itself does not influence the sensitivity of human to Borrelia infection. However, the females seem to be more vulnerable to it. Each of ten tested Borrelia species was proved to be potentially infective for human in different ratio. The clear separation of all ten checked Borrelia species into two groups was revealed after the reaction with human sera: species with low sensitivity to human serum complement (mortality below 1 percent) and species with higher sensitivity (mortality over 3-4 percent).
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