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Ways of decision execution practised by selected municipal authority while ensuring its activity.
LUKEŠ, Jaroslav
Annotation The objective and central theme of this paper is to compare the various methods of decision enforcement undertaken by municipal authorities in carrying out their activities in terms of frequency and success. A prerequisite for success is to identify the effectiveness of decision enforcement in terms of the form. Another condition is to compare groups of citizens against whom decision enforcement is directed in terms of social stratification, i.e. in terms of education and age ? the factors from which we assume their position in society. To find out what is the practical process of decision enforcement. The assumption is that the territorial offices of municipal authorities use mostly the pecuniary form of decision enforcement and that this form is effective in meeting the claims of beneficiaries. The primary method chosen is quantitative research; the secondary method is the analysis of data from the database of the Milevsko Municipal Authority. The target group of the research is a set of citizens,against whom the municipal authority in Milevsko carried out decision enforcement proceedings in the period of 2009-2010. The bachelor?s thesis can be used to pursue the given issue, for sociological study - which groups of people commit offences dealt with in administrative proceedings, or failure to comply with other legal obligations. Information from the thesis can be used as supplementary material for competent officials dealing with the issue of decision enforcement. This feedback can positively influence the municipal authority staff?s approach to clients in terms of social perceptions of a particular situation. I plan to introduce the results of my work to the workers and discuss the findings with them.
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Rights of Immigrants
SOUKUPOVÁ, Eva
The Czech Republic encounters problems of immigration after 1989. At present time there are about 2.5% of foreigners in the Czech Republic. This percentage is amongst the lowest within EU, however the predictions for the future are that the number is going to constantly increase. People come to the Czech Republic seeking better conditions for living and want to start a new life here. Therefore part of the government policy should be securing immigrants with equal access and equal opportunities in the labour market, in relation to health as well as social care. A quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire technique was selected in the practical part. Anonymous questionnaires for immigrants and public were used. The research aimed at immigrants was conducted in institutions engaged in helping aliens in Brno, České Budějovice, Hradec Králové, Plzeň and Prague. Total of 120 questionnaires were sent out. The questionnaire's returnability was 49%. The research set was therefore formed by 59 respondents. Research aimed at public was conducted in České Budějovice, Jindřichův Hradec and in Třeboň. Total of 110 questionnaires were handed out and their returnability was 100%. All questionnaires were evaluated and elaborated into percentage figures. Two goals are set in the thesis. To each of the goals two hypotheses were set. Goal 1: Find out the level of immigrants' knowledge about labour law and related regulations to it {--} health insurance, welfare. Hypothesis No. 1: More than half of the questioned immigrants know their rights. Hypothesis No. 2: More than half of the questioned immigrants know to whom they may turn to in case of problem solving. After questionnaire evaluation the first hypothesis was not confirmed and the second hypothesis was confirmed. Goal 2: Find out the level of public awareness of the law status of aliens living in the area of the Czech Republic. Hypothesis No. 1: More than half of the questioned respondents do not know the alien rights living in the area of the Czech Republic. Hypothesis No. 2: More than half of the questioned respondents know the organizations providing support for aliens living in the area of the Czech Republic. After evaluation of the questionnaire the first hypothesis was not confirmed and the second was confirmed.
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Abortion versus Free CHoice
TÝMOVÁ, Kateřina
The topic of the bachelor work is: decision making process concerning the question to undergo or not abortion in a free pluralist society. The main part of the work characterizes and summarizes choice of information about the decision making process from a point of view of psychology, sociology and ethic. It continues on a theoretical level mapping social-ethic aspects that can - and also needn´t - influence the independent choice of an individual. Society approach to these problems differs based on particular values the society recognizes, amount and content of philosophical, ethical and religious theories that the free pluralist society accepts and respects.
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The Specifics of Restrictive Practice in Social Services
FRYČ, Vladislav
This thesis follows the insufficiently mapped-out issue of restriction in social services and investigates the ways in which it is used towards clients. First-mentioned is the evolution of social services towards its current concept. Afterwards, important terms pertaining directly to the practical issues of social services are defined, based on the social services act. The definition of restrictions and restrictive measures, in accordance with current legislation, follows and their concept is confronted with the concept of human rights and human dignity.The work concludes with descriptions of situations where the clients human rights are violated, their solutions and also possible ways how to prevent the violation of human rights in such cases.
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Old Age as a Phenomenon of Disadvantaged and Suppression of Human Rights and Needs of Women
HOLÁ, Michaela
The method of secondary analysis of data was used in the theoretical part of my diploma thesis. I analysed literary and electronic sources in the way that the result represents the completed view on the old age with its many haracteristic changes, and the view on the life of seniors in their background (in family or an istitution). Consequently, I focused on human rights and needs and their possible suppression in senior population. The main theme of this thesis represents the maltreatment of seniors and ageisms. The practical part is focused on information and their obtaining with the help of a qualitative method. I used the method of interviewing, the technique of half-directed conversation. These were provided by the women at the age of 70-80. The women left the Hospital of České Budějovice maximally 10 days before the interview. The questions looked like the interview with instruction. Five more conrete hypothesis were cretated as a result of the analysis of gained data.
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Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics
BARTKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Abstract Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics Key words: euthanasia, suffering, death, dying, dignity, human rights, doctor, patient, palliative medicine, hospice care, assisted suicide, religious motivation, followers, objectors of euthanasia In my thesis I am covering the topic of ?qeuthanasia??. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the problem of euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics. This thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part further consists of eleven chapters. In the first chapter, the types of euthanasia ares discussed (active, passive, prenatal, and assisted suicide). In the second chapter, the history of euthanasia is discussed in a great detail. The third chapter mainly concentrates on euthanasia in the world. The fourth chapter is about the criteria of death. In the fifth chapter, I address the questions of euthanasia and death in recent years. The sixth chapter is about the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The seventh chapter covers palliative medicine and the eighth chapter further expands on this subject with the topic of hospice care. In the ninth chapter, I pursue the point of religious motivational impact. The tenth and eleventh chapters are dedicated to the followers and objectors of euthanasia. The practical part concentrates on exploratory research. I have chosen sociological research using the methods of discussion. Here are three interviews with experts, who interact with dying individuals on a daily basis. These questioned specialists are believers and therefore the discourses are anonymous. The objective of these discussions was to uncover how professional in different facilities view the issues of euthanasia. This objective was sucessfully achieved.
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The Psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly
SOBOTKOVÁ, Lucie
The work deals with the psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly. It focuses on issues of aging and old age, including changes in physical, psychological and social sphere. It offers an overview of the evolution of the system of care for the elderly to the present form of social services under Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on social services. It deals with basic principles in the provision of social services: partnership, autonomy, respect for client dignity, individual approach. It also provides information on the individual planning of the social services. It deals with select models of senior activation and finally focuses on the theme guiding the senior end of his way of life.
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The Natural Law Conception - its potentiality and limitations
HOSKOVEC, Michal
This diploma thesis deals with the Thomas Aquinas´s Conception of Natural Law. The fundamental content of thesis is the Czech translation and critical Commentaries of English written articles. Thesis is divided into three parts. There is a theoretical foundation for Natural Law Conception and Thomas Aquinas themes in the first part, the Critical Commentaries of translated articles in the second part and the translated articles in the third part of diploma thesis. Translated articles are the philosophy studies of Natural Law and its relation to the Lawmaking, the Logic of Ethical Discourse and the Human Rights. There are copies of original English written articles as diploma thesis attachments.
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New religious movement in connection with observance of the human rights
NAGYOVÁ, Michaela
The current society is fast-moving, materialistic and consumer-oriented. A man thus exists in the centre of chaotic changes of the modern world which he/she tries to escape. At that moment the person may fall an easy victim to new religious movements which may approach people and offer fulfilment of their expectations. A new member of a religious group, who is continually supported, thus becomes ever more dependent on the new environment in which he/she feels contentment. Leaders of new religious movements (Czech acronym NNH) are able to manipulate such dependent victims and force them to things and acts, which may lead to violation of basic human rights. Therefore the purpose of the thesis was to identify those human rights which might be violated by some new religious movements and to map the awareness among the general public of observation of human rights in the new religious movements. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative parts. The praktical part of the thesis confirmed the hypothesis I: Violation of some human rights may be encountered in new religious movements. This hypothesis was confirmed based on results of the qualitative part of the research, which used the content analysis method. The method was used to analyze articles from the following periodicals: Právo, Šíp, Mladá fronta Dnes, Lidové noviny, Regionální deníky and the internet portal Idnes. The qualitative part of the research also included interviews with members of the religious society Jehovah´s Witnesses. The surveyed group consisted of 5 individuals who responded to questions relating to their teaching (e.g. rejecting of blood transfusion). Adequate data for the quantitative research were obtained by an inquiry method {--} opinion poll. The opinion poll was conducted among the residents of Český Krumlov and České Budějovice and it was supposed to confirm or to rebut the hypothesis II: The general public does not have sufficient awareness of which basic human rights may be violated by some new religious movements. After analyzing the acquired data the analysis was confirmed. This bachelor thesis might be used as a material for the general public to increase its awareness of new religious movements in connection with human rights. Consequently, it may also serve in prevention, which is in the area of new religious movements still at a low level.
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