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Epidural analgesia during childbirth
MAŘÍKOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis focuses on the topic of epidural analgesia during childbirth. The work consists of two main parts-theoretical and practical. The theoretical section first and foremost defines the concept of childbirth and describes all birth times. Last but not least, it is also dedicated to the role of midwife in childbirth. Another topic is obstetric pain, which is followed by the theme of pharmacological methods to labor pain relief. The issue of epidural analgesia is described in detail and divided into additional subchapters. These are devoted to the description of the procedure for administering epidural analgesia in childbirth, it's indications and contraindications, the advantages and disadvantages, the complications of epidural analgesia in childbirth and, last but not least, the role of the midwife in the care of the woman with epidural analgesia. The theoretical section concludes with a chapter on non-pharmacological methods of controlling birth pain. The first objective of the work was to determine whether women use epidural analgesia during childbirth. The second goal was to map women's satisfaction with the effects of epidural analgesia in childbirth. The third and final goal was to see if women worked better with midwives after receiving epidural analgesia. Three hypotheses have been set for the objectives. H1: First-time mothers are more likely to use epidural analgesia than multi-parents. H2: Younger women (under 30) are more satisfied with the effects of epidural analgesia in childbirth than older women (over 30). H3: Women with epidural analgesia at birth cooperate better with midwives than women without epidural analgesia. The objectives were achieved by a quantitative research investigation in the form of own design questionnaires, which consisted of both open and closed questions. The assessment of the questionnaires was carried out using a statistical chi-square test which determined the significance or insignificance of the results. The first research set consisted of 205 women active on the Facebook social network. Of the total number of respondents, women in the 26-30 age range had the highest representation. The second research set included 102 midwives working in the delivery room. Midwives in the 20 to 30 age range had the highest representation of total respondents. The research investigation revealed that more than half of the respondents had used epidural analgesia during childbirth. However, only a third of women are certain that they would also use epidural analgesia for their next birth. The other two-thirds of women do not know whether they would use the epidural analgesia method or are certain that they do not want epidural analgesia in their next childbirth. We also wanted to find out whether younger women (under 30) are more satisfied with the effects of epidural analgesia in childbirth than older women (over 30). This hypothesis has not been confirmed. This was due to the low representation of the group of women over 30. We also wanted to find out whether first-time mothers use epidural analgesia more often than multi-time mothers. The result of the research showed that the largest representation of our female respondents who took advantage of epidural analgesia was just 7 % more first-time mothers. However, the difference is not statistically significant. We also wondered if women with epidural analgesia at birth cooperate better with midwives than women without epidural analgesia. According to the research investigation, the vast majority of midwives think that women with epidural analgesia cooperate better during childbirth than women without epidural analgesia.
Mothers perception of pain during labour.
MICHÁLKOVÁ, Monika
The subject of the thesis is the labor pain and methods of pain control. The theoretical part focuses on a description of the process of childbirth and the role of midwifes at each stage of labor. This is followed by a general description of pain as well as the labor pain, methods of pain evaluation and overview of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods used in obstetric analgesia. The research part of the work explores women's experience of pain during childbirth and methods that women prefer in relieving labor pain. For research survey was used qualitative method of data collection, using semi-structured interviews. Information obtained were divided into two main categories: "Women's experience with labor pain" and "Methods of relieving labor pain" Both categories were further subdivided into categories. Results of the research showed that women during pregnancy did not want to think about the oncoming birth pain because these ideas evoked feelings of fear and apprehension. Most women have no way to prepare for labor pain and the character and intensity of labor pain surprised almost all women. The vast majority of women accepted the offer of pharmacological labor pain reliever even though they didn't intend to originally. In addition, majority of them felt frustrated by the low effects of pharmacological methods and they attributed greater analgesic effect to non-pharmacological methods, including the presence of close person during childbirth and positive attitude of medical staff. Midwifes' help in relieving labor pain was evaluated very positively by all respondents. The results shows that the most important thing is coaching pregnant women by midwifes in preparation for labor pain and thus reduce feelings of anxiety and fear of pain during childbirth.

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