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Význam a využitie kvetnatých pásovov ekologickom hospodárení
Ragasová, Lucia
The final thesis 'Implication and Use of Flowering Strips in Ecologic Farming Systems' is focused on the actual issue of decreasing biodiversity and increasing problems with pests. These problems are one of the impacts of monocultural growing systems and disappearance of natural structures in agricultural landscape. Introduction of such structures, for example flower strips, is one of the options that can support and increase biodiversity and abundance of beneficial organisms in agroecosystems. A part of this thesis was an experiment focused on the beneficial organisms appearence (eventualy pests) in flowering strips and the control zone. The next part was assess the effect of the irrigation, overal integration of vegetation of flower strips and ranking of the flowering period. The trial was carried out from March 2014 till November 2014 on the ecological farming area of Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice na Morave. Ackowledgment of this experiment is that flower strips have positive impact on some families and orders of beneficial organisms. Chosen mixture of plants contains flowers that were continuously blooming from 23. calendar week till the end of the trial (46. calendar week). Irrigation had effect on appearence of several plants species (e.g. Trifolium repens), weed development and also there were variantions in abundance of beneficial insects. Marked differences were escpecially in the species from the order Neuroptera and from the family Aphididae.
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Comparison of various methods monitoring insect diversity in sown flower strips and neighboring fields of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape
Kolařík, David ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
In this study we deal with comparison of insect monitoring methods on flowering strip, wheat and oilseed rape. The experiment is located at two study sites: Crop Research Institute at Ruzyně and Experiment unit of Czech University of Life Sciences in Uhříněves. The experiment was carried out in 2015.
To make monitoring we utilized sweeping net, Möricke yellow traps, transect counting and as a supplementary method we utilized light trap. Monitoring was done in 25 of June, 16 of July and 12 of August 2015. These dates were chosen because of flowering of the strip which was the most important issue in this study. As a result of this the insect diversity in other almost harvested variants was quite low.
The most important insect species quantities were collected from Möricke traps in all three variants. But this fact could be naturally based on the attractivity of the yellow color, so we can´t reliably say, if in out of bloom rape or wheat could be present this high amount of insect or if it is only being attracted by color of the trap from the neighborhood.
The second method with the highest insect occurrence was sweeping net. Again the highest species diversity was described from the flowering strip.
The lowest amount of insects was noted in transect counting. This method has (contrastingly to the others) disadvantage in the high possibility of fail to detect small insect, which are normally noticed by the other methods.
Light trap monitored about the highest species number, where the majority of species belong to order Lepidoptera. That sway this method was employed only to enrich the species diversity.
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