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The analysis of growing of legumes in selected farm and recommendations for it´s improvement
KASÍK, Jakub
The bachelor thesis deals with the cultivation of the main clover crops in the Czech Republic, which are alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.). In the first part of the thesis, the importance, characteristics, environmental requirements, agrotechnical measures and forage quality of these clovers are presented. The advantage of alfalfa is its hardiness and drought tolerance; it is still more damaged by waterlogging than by drought. In contrast, meadow clover has lower heat requirements and is better able to tolerate temporary waterlogging than a lack of moisture. Because of its slow initial growth, clover is often established in cover crops to compensate for forage yield in the year of establishment while suppressing weeds. The most suitable cover crop appears to be pea tendrils or a mixture with other crops, but in practice cereals are most commonly used. The second part focuses on the actual monitoring and evaluation of forage stands of meadow clover and alfalfa sown within the Zemědělské družstvo Čížová farming in the South Bohemian Region (potato-growing area). The method of establishment, number of plants per 1 m2 and yield of newly established stands of meadow clover were monitored in the operational plots. Meadow clover and alfalfa stands sown in the first crop year were also evaluated. Alfalfa had the highest dry matter yield (8.8 t ha-1), while clover had a slightly lower yield (8.2 t ha-1). The cover crop accounted for 60 % of the total dry matter yield of the established clover stands. It was found that at a stand density of 170 plants for alfalfa and 160 plants for clover, there should be no weeds in the stand.
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Vyhodnotenie vplyvu použitia krycích podplodín (cover plants) na pestovanie zrnovej kukurice
Hospodár, Ján
The diploma thesis deals with the cultivation of grain maize in the system of soil protection utlilizing underseeding and cover plants. It investigates the effect of underseeding of selected plant species on crop of corn grain. It assesses the suitability and potential of each species for their cultivation in the "subsoil" in view of limiting the production process of the main crop and at the same time soil protection function. In the 2018 experiment, 8 variants of the cover plants were included: soy, milk thistle, facelia, clover, ryegrass, pea-oat-pea, oat-pea, mixture of KeepSoil Corn. The following signs were observed on maize: total plant height, weight of one roll, length of the roll, number of grains per cross-section, harvest moisture, grain weight from 20 rolls. The cover plants were monitored for: soil cover and production of above-ground phytomass per unit area. The statistical evaluation shows that the crop of maize grain was affected by: milk thistle, pea-oat-pea, facelia, clover, ryegrass, pea-oat. Soil cover of at least 50% has been achieved by: milk thistle, facelias, ryegrass, mixture of KeepSoil Corn. From the results of the experiment it is possible to unambiguously recommend a milk thistle, facelium, ryegrass and commercial mixture of KeepSoil Corn as a grain maize cover crops. The experiment was carried out in extremely dry year 2018, which has also affected the results.
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