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The issue of an offender's personality in criminology
Ďurčeková, Blanka ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Scheinost, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis is concerned with question of offender's personality from the criminological point of view. In first few chapters I introduce some basic criminological theories and typologies and I tried to put together a general psychological profile of the offender. In the following part of thesis I deal with recidivist offenders, women delinquency and juvenile delinquency. In the last chapter I tried to analyze offenders in the Czech Republic, according to factors of age, gender and nationality, based on data from crime statistics.
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The crime of rape under s. 185 of the Criminal Code
Dohnálková, Zuzana ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
The diploma thesis The crime of rape under s. 185 of the Criminal Code consists of two major parts, which are divided into further subsections - first part consists of four main chapters and second part consists of six main chapters. The first part of the thesis, dealing with the criminal-law point of view, starts with a brief discussion of the sources of criminal law. The chapter then presents a comprehensive description of the development of the offence of rape in the Czech territory since antiquity up to the 20th century. The changes of elements of a crime and the very perception of punishability of rape may serve as a demonstration of advancement of personal freedom. Subsequently, more attention is devoted to the analysis of the current version of rape in the Criminal Code, Act No. 40/2009 Sb., which is currently included in Title III of the special part of the Criminal Code called Criminal Offences against Human Dignity in Sexual Sphere. The criminal law part concludes with a brief summary of the basic features which discriminate rape from sexual coercion and sexual abuse. The second part of the thesis focuses on criminology. First moral criminality, which subsumes rape, is defined in general terms. The definition is followed by statistical summaries, presented in graphs and tables, and by a...
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Criminological aspects of hate crimes
Rybářová, Dominika ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of hate crimes and their aspects from the perspective of criminology. Its aim was to provide a comprehensive summary of information, especially criminological information, on the issue of hate crimes in the Czech Republic. The work is divided into five chapters, which are further divided into individual subchapters. In the first part of the thesis there are mentioned the basic concepts. The first chapter deals with the definition of hate crime and focuses on its specifics compared to "ordinary" crime. The second chapter deals with concepts related to hate crime, namely hate violence, prejudiced violence, prejudiced hatred, extremism, anti-Semitism, nationalism, homophobia, Islamophobia and xenophobia. Specially I dwell on the concept of extremism and think of the link between hate crime and extremism in it. The aim of he following third chapter is to describe the current and desired legal situation of hate crimes in the Czech republic. First I describe hate crimes de lege lata and then I think about possible legal changes and consider hate crimes de lege ferenda. The fourth and the final chapter contains the main topic of the diploma thesis, which are the criminological aspects of hate crimes. This part of the work is divided into three subchapters, which...
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Criminological Aspects of recidivism
Fendrychová, Denisa ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the concept of recidivism, which is a term that could be described as an occurrence in which the offender commits another criminal offence after being convicted. In recent years the number of recidivism rates in Czech Republic reaches from 40 to 50% which is further evidence to the urgency of this current issue. The goal of this thesis is to examine what could be the conditions of increasing or lowering the probability of reoffending and to bring forward the possible means of prevention based on that. Firstly this thesis addresses the term of recidivism and several possibilities of looking at it, further follows the issue of how recidivism is translated into legislation and then it offers data about the frequency of recidivism in Czech Republic from publicly accessible statistics. The core part of the thesis then researches if it is possible with sentences alone to prevent reoffending and if there are other factors that could potentially contribute to this goal. It could be concluded from the researched literature and studies that sentences alone have very little possibility to reduce the chances of reoffending. The lowest probability of reoffending was repeatedly recorded with people who started offending at a very young age, without stable occupations, place to...
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Criminological aspects of cybercrime
Gemeri, Peter ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Criminological aspects of cybercrime Abstract (EN) This thesis is a study of specific aspects of cybercrime in regards to banking and non- banking financial institutions in Czech republic. By comparing results of third-party analytical resources and own findings obtained by strategically performed interviews with personnel in leading positions in cyber-security careers, the thesis describes causes and results of cyber-attacks and related preventive measures with emphasis on their respective place and priority in the cybersecurity policy of the organization. The main finding is that the biggest risk to the organization seems to be its own employees. That is why the entity cannot simply trust in the security of its perimeter by protecting only its border, but has to also consider its internal part. An equally important finding is the fact that mechanisms for the prevention of cybercrime take a large number of non-mutually exclusive forms, and in order to maintain the highest possible level of security, it is appropriate to layer these measures into complex units. Keywords Cybercrime, cybersecurity, criminology, financial organizations, cybercrime prevention
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THE CRIME OF MURDER - JURISTIC, CRIMINOLOGICAL AND FORENSIC ASPECTS
Zárubová, Tereza ; Mulák, Jiří (advisor) ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
1 THE CRIME OF MURDER - JURISTIC, CRIMINOLOGICAL AND FORENSIC ASPECTS ABSTRACT The objective of this diploma thesis is to formulate complex view on the crime of murder from the perspective of three scientific field - juristic, criminological and forensic - and in three parts to create comprehensive set of information about the most serious crime against human life. First part is dedicated to juristic aspects and it contains development of legislation in time, which by its gradual adjustements led to current legislation. Then the current legislation of the crime of murder is described in details and it is also compared with other crimes against human life and with legislation of selected states. In one of the chapters there is definiton of euthanasia, which is illegal in Czech republic, but this thesis offers comparation with legislation in other states, where euthanasia is legal. In the second part the crime of murder is described with criminological aspects. There are many statistics and graphs showing state, structure and dynamics of this crime in the Czech republic in past few years. One chapter is dedicated to a offender, including psychological treatise, statistics based on gender or relaps, and information about motives for committing. Next chapter is dedicated to the victims and it offers graphs and...
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Criminological aspects of cybercrime
Kopáč, Jan ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Today, the phenomenon of cybercrime can no longer be considered something obscured or unknown to the general public. Yet the majority of general population is aware of only a fraction of the offenses committed in cyberspace. As a result, a substantial proportion of Internet users act in violation of valid legislation in cyberspace, whether they do so knowingly or not. Cybercrime cannot be considered less dangerous than other forms of crime. On the contrary, due to its availability, globality and possible distance of the offender from the crime itself, this kind of criminal behaviour is on the rise year by year and its effects are becoming more severe, mainly due to the dependence of today's society on information and communication technologies. The aim of this thesis is to provide an introduction to the cybernetic world crime and offer a general view of the various aspects of this criminal activity. The introduction of my thesis deals with detailed description of the basic terminology present throughout the whole thesis and contains a brief description of the history and origins of the computer and Internet. An essential part of my thesis is the presentation of the legislative framework in the field of cybercrime regulation. This section mentions the laws that apply in the cyberspace environment...
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Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime
Kočí, Daniel ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime Abstract The purpose of this thesis on the topic of the Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime is to present a concise summary of essential and available information on the issue of these crimes and to highlight specifics of these criminal activities from other types of crime. The thesis is divided into ten chapters according to the selected thematic areas. The first chapter is focused on concept of hate crime and its characteristic. This chapter offers various conceptions of hate crime, its definitions, brief history, development and description of spreading of this concept. A common feature of the definitions of hate crime mentioned in this thesis is that hate crime is a crime committed by the offender due to some strongly negative emotion, which this offender has towards variously defined groups of the population. The second chapter describes the forms of hate crimes in terms of the nature of the offender's conduct and in terms of the offender's motivational background. The third chapter provides an overview of the legal regulation of hate crime in the Czech Republic and in the selected countries (USA, Canada and FRG). The end of this chapter contains a comparison of the legislation of the Czech Republic with the legislation of the selected countries. The fourth chapter...
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The Crime of Rape
Hloušková, Kateřina ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The Crime of Rape Abstract This thesis focuses on the theme of the crime of rape, both from the criminal law perspective and the criminological perspective. The objective of this thesis is to address some specific aspects of this crime. This qualification work consists of seven chapters. In the first chapter, basic terms related to this theme are explained. Basic body of the crime of rape is analysed in detail, then the relationship between the basic body and qualified bodies and the final part of this chapter analyses the development stages of this crime. This thesis also deals with differences between the crime of rape and the crime of sexual coercion and sexual abuse. One chapter shows a concise overview of how the legislation on the crime of rape has developed since 1961. The so-called Istanbul Convention is mentioned here too, dealing with the crime of rape, which is a very current topic. The chapters four to seven analyse the theme from the criminological perspective and are completed with statistical data presented in a diagram and in charts. First of all, the criminology part shows the typology of the offenders, dividing them in two groups: offenders with a sexual preference disorder and without this disorder. Another chapter deals with the victims of the crime of rape, namely also from the...
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Criminological aspects of criminality of foreigners
Špůrková, Adéla ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Criminological aspects of criminality of foreigners This diploma thesis deals with the criminality of foreigners in the Czech Republic. With the development of globalisation, easier and more accessible mobility of people, but also due to war conflicts or poverty, there is naturally an increased migration of people, which brings with it, among other things, security consequences. Being a foreigner in another country has its own specifics, the most significant of which include minority status, different lifestyles, values, opinions, behaviours and customs. These and many other differences may or may not be criminogenic factors leading to foreigners committing crime. Since this is a very comprehensive topic, which cannot be fully described in one thesis, the aim of the thesis is to analyse the current state of criminality of foreigners in the Czech Republic, to define specific crimes of foreigners, which are among the most frequently clarified and to answer the question whether the crime of foreigners in our territory is increasing or decreasing. Attention is also paid to the phenomenon of organised crime of foreigners and crime related to illegal migration. The diploma thesis is systematically divided into five chapters. The first chapter is devoted to migration in general, mainly the definition of...
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