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Speculative Evolution: Anatomical and Physiological Specifics of Organisms Inhabiting Super-Earths
Šefrna, Radek ; Toman, Jan (advisor) ; Petrásek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis focuses on super-Earth-like planets, specifically addressing how a larger radius and gravitational attraction, sometimes associated with increased atmospheric density, could affect the direction of anagenesis if other parameters are kept at the terrestrial level. Firstly, super- Earth characteristics are described. Secondly, locomotion and its anatomical and physiological correlates are examined. It concludes that organisms living on the surface would have robust body structure and expects prevalence of the biosphere to exist in the air column on super- Earths with dense atmosphere with organisms resembling ocean life on Earth. Lastly, the thesis investigates life strategies and their potential dependencies on gravitational and surface characteristics, with an emphasis on energy acquisition methods, metabolism, and dispersion. With the existence of complex ecosystem reliant on photosynthesis, existence of ecological niches similar to the ones found on Earth is expected. That could lead to the genesis of symbioses, as they seem to be a universal feature of any biosphere. Due to its speculative nature, the thesis draws conclusions from studies on terrestrial organisms and their environment. It adheres to the phenomenon of convergent evolution to find possible analogies and show potential...
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The central bank and its function in the economy
Guth, Karel ; Kopecká, Lenka (advisor) ; Soukup, Alexandr (referee)
The following thesis describes the importance of the central bank in the states economy and its position in the structure of the banking and financial system. It deals with its monetary policy and functions such as the role of the state bank, issuance activity or the regulation and supervision of commercial banks. The theoretical part is concluded by describing the Maastricht convergence criteria, which is built on in a questionnaire survey of the practical part.
The practical part is divided into two sections. The first is focused on the exchange rate as a monetary tool of the Czech National Bank. It attempts to compare how successfully CNB has achieved its predictions from 2014 (the year when the foreign exchange interventions were initiated). The second section contains an interpretation of the results from the survey, with the aim of identifying the attitudes of Czech citizens towards adopting the euro currency. Subsequently, testing of a statistical hypothesis for contingency between selected issues was performed and connections within the columnar frequency of the contingency tables were observed and picked out.
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