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Preventive examinations from the perspective of nurse
KVÁŠOVÁ, Iveta
The theoretical background: In society, the concept of health and illness is understood as two sharply separated values. The health affects the quality of human life. The aim of preventive health check-ups is to detect health problems and illnesses at an early stage. Each client is recommended to undergo a health check-up at the general practitioner each two years. Newborns, infants and toddlers under one year old should visit a practitioner nine times, another health check-up should be at the age of 18 months, then at the age of 3 years, and then every two years. Every citizen under the age of 18 years is entitled to undergo a preventive dental check-up every six months. A pregnant woman is entitled to visit the dentist twice during her pregnancy, an adult once a year. Girls from the age of 15 years should undergo a preventive gynaecological exam once a year. General practitioners and nurses, who guide patients their whole life in the health care system, symbolise a role of responsible and active approach to prevention. Preventive care service at work is carried out in order to report the statement of fitness for work. Aim: The aim of my Bachelor´s thesis was to describe the role of nurses during preventive check-ups at the general practitioner for adults. The research was carried out by a qualitative survey in form of non-standardized interviews. Firstly, we set three research questions: 1. What information about preventive check-ups do nurses give to clients? 2. How do nurses address their clients about the invitation for preventive check-ups? 3. What role do nurses have when carrying out preventive check-ups? During the research nurses cooperating with general practitioners for adults were interviewed. There were eight interviews in total in the region of Humpolec and České Budějovice. The interview itself contained 13 questions (see Appendix 1). The research took place in period February ? March. All respondents agreed with the research. The results of the research are presented in Chapter 4. Results: The results show us that all the respondents have got a secondary school education, only one of them has got a specialized training ?ARIP? (nursing care specialized in anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care). The respondents learn new modifications in preventive health check-ups from a doctor, or they follow trainings and seminars. The most of the respondents said that a lot of clients do not realize risks of not going to preventive health check-ups, except for university graduates who are aware of risks. Then, we have found that clients get information about the claim to preventive health check-ups from the respondents, doctors, leaflets, television, radio, and informative posters. The respondents give clients basic information about preventive health check-ups, schedules, home preparation for the medical examination, and a course of the medical examination. It has been found out that in some regions a low percentage of clients go to preventive health check-ups. The respondents try to convince risk groups, however, they do not insist on risk groups to come. The respondents invite clients orally for preventive check-ups, it is not used to send invitations anymore. The clients must look after their preventive check-ups by themselves. The respondents try to act positively with clients and to be a good example to them. It has been also found out that the respondents take care of sufficient consumer articles and hygiene and epidemiology mode during the preventive check-ups. In the waiting room the respondents and dealers are in charge of raising patients´ awareness. Conclusion: All the research questions were answered. The purpose of the Bachelor´s thesis was accomplished. Now, it will depend only on nurses and clients and their attitude to preventive health check-ups. As we say at work: "Prevention is better than cure."
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