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Endoparazitózy skotu ve vybraných chovech Moravskoslezského kraje
Ručková, Amálie
Raising cattle is one of the key factors in animal production. The main products are milk, meat and manure. It is very important to ensure good conditions for breeding and veterinary prevention to avoid economic losses and keep the profitability. The main goal of the thesis was to compare appearance of endoparasites in cattle on two selected farms in Moravian-Silesian region, in respect of breeding technique and technology used on this farms. Between the years 2014-15 samples of feaces was collected in random intervals on both farms from combined and milk breeds. There was collected 300 samples in total from both farms. On the first farm group of cattle, which consisted of holstein milk breed, was raised without the access to pasture. On the second farm the group of cattle B,which consisted of Fleckvieh Breed, had access to pasture whole year except the winter months. The samples were collected into plastic containers mostly in fresh state. The samples were analyzed by non-invasive coprological flotation method by Brezy. Each findings of parasites were classified into classes and the intensity of infection and prevalence of parasites was determined in individual farms. In the herd (A) were diagnosed coccodias with a prevalence of 6 %, 3 % Ostertagia and Cooperia 1%. In the herd (B) were recorded prevalence of coccodias 9 %, Trichostronglus 13 %, Ostertagia 33 %, Cooperia 1 %, Oesophagostomum 3%, Trichuris 4 % and Capillaria with prevalence of 2 %. In any of these herd no flukes and tapeworms were found. Overall the prevalence and intensity of infection of cattle endoparasites were very low during the research.
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Effect of grazing heifers in the rearing of their performance
KUKLOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this work is to evaluate the course of rearing Red Pied heifers reared with use of graze and stable and review effect of graze use on subsequence performance in 1st lactation. In selected breed was monitored process of heifer grow by periodical weighting in three months interval, furthermore was taken for these heifers these reproduction indices: 1st insemination age, insemination index, 1st calve age. Heifers are divided by rearing form (graze, stable) and compared differences in grow intesities and reproduction efficiency between particular groups. Subsequently, for cows on first lactation were monitored and compared these indices: level of milk performance, content of milk elements, degree of physical condition, indices of fertility. Dairy cows are divided into groups according to how they were reared as heifers (graze, stable). When comparing growth of heifers, grazed heifers reaches higher values than group of not grazed heifers. Grazed heifers grows more quickly: at age 3 months was their average weight 93,26 Kg against 88,30 Kg not grazed heifers. At age 6 months was weight of grazed heifers 169,51 kg against 161,80 kg not grazed heifers, At age 9 months was values 236,47 kg for grazed heifers, 228,07 kg for not grazed heifers, at age 12 months 326,62 kg and 299,87 kg, at age 15 months 366,11 kg and 359,98 kg. From reproduction indices have been found statistically significant differences in age at 1st insemination, when the grazed heifers were flushed in average age of 18,43 months against not grazed heifers in age of 17,12 months. In addition, was found statistically significant differences in age at first calving, when the values obtained for the group of grazed heifers was 28.63 months and for not grazed heifers 27,73 months. First calving heifers reared on graze produce in lactation average 7 782,4 Kg of milk, first calving heifers reared in stable produce in lactation average 7 064,40 Kg of milk. Differences was statistically significant. Average duration of lactation at first calving heifers reared on graze was 359,47 days, duration of lactation at first calving heifers reared in stable was 329,01 days. Differences was statistically highly significant. From the linear description is clear that graze has positive effect on heifers muscling and limbs. In overall assessment made grazed heifers higher rating points 81,43 for heifers reared on graze and 81,00 point for heifers reared in stable. These differences could not be statistically demonstrated.
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