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The issue of mentoring patients with degenerative diseases of the spine for autotherapy for long-term kinezioterapeutical plan
KADERA, Jan
This bachelor thesis focuses on instructing the patients with a degenerative disease of the spine for autotherapy from the kinesiotherapeutic long-term plan point of view. The right instruction for autotherapy is one of the most fundamental elements not only due to its correct understanding, but most importantly for the right home exercising. Unless the exercises are done correctly, a patient's conditions may worsen, which we need to avoid. In the theoretical part individual anatomic structures of the axial system are described, including vertebrae and their interconnection and of course the spinal muscular components, greatly contributing to both the static and dynamic stability necessary for all forms of motion. Then, there are the most frequently occurring degenerative diseases of the spine and their diagnosis possibilities mentioned here. In the next part different ways of treatment are described. The main treatment for the degenerative diseases of the spine is a conservative treatment involving variety of methods and concepts in terms of physiotherapy. In case this treatment is not successful, a surgical treatment comes into effect, which does not yet guarantee a 100% positive result beforehand. In that case we are talking about the so-called failed back surgery syndrom caused by a number of factors, and thus the treatment is not clearly defined. Apart from its therapy the main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the efficiency of the variety of ways of instructing patients because there are many approaches through which it is possible to instruct patients on dong exercises at home. For my thesis I chose three options, which are a verbal instruction, an instruction according to pictures and a video instruction. To achieve the aim, the qualitative method of data collection was used. The sample group consists of three patients with a generative disease of the spine. In the practical part based on the initial kinesiology examination I, besides the therapy, deal with the patients instructions on autotherapy and I assess their efficiency. During the therapy each patient was informed about a few possibilities of the instructions which they should subsequently follow when exercising at home. During the first visit an initial kinesiology analysis was conducted. The second visit included the therapy and an oral instruction on how to do the exercises. These instructions and exercises were the same at the third visit. The fourth as well as the fifth session was finished with the instructions for autotherapy through pictures. The sixth and the seventh session involved video instructions. At the end of each session every patient demonstrated the assigned exercises which were being corrected at the same time. During the final therapy session the output kinesiology analysis was performed and the success of the therapy was assessed. Simultaneously an uninstructed interview was conducted with each patient in which the patients expressed their subjective opinion on the executed therapy and the ways of the instructions. All the patients state the most appropriate instruction was the audio instruction because of its simplicity and clarity.
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