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Zaplevelení kukuřice a hnojení organickými hnojivy
Robenek, Jakub
In the spring of 2023, field trials were set up on the school farming enterprise Nový Jičín plot to assess weed infestation the application of slurry, farmyard manure, digestate and separate. Liquid fertilisers (slurry, digestate) were applied at a rate of 50 m3, solid fertilisers (manure, separate) were applied at a rate of 50 t/ha. After the application of the selected fertilisers, they were incorporated, followed by tillage and sowing of maize (Zea mays). During the 6th leaf stage of maize, the current weed infestation was evaluated, followed by the application of herbicide, which successfully suppressed the weeds present. The results of the weed infestation showed differences between the fertilization treatments, with the highest weed infestation determined for the manure-fertilized treatment, followed by the digestate, slurry, and separate treatments. On the basis of statistical processing, the following weeds were identified as the most abundant weeds in the manure: red dead-nettle, common field-speedwell, common orache, common amarant, common fumitory, cockspur grass, curled dock, field pansy. The following weeds were present in the slurry: small-flowered cranesbill, cleavers, petty spurge, coltsfoot. The variant fertilised with digestate contained mainly weed species: wild radish, yellow charlock, shepherd’s-purse, field pennycress, field bindweed, rape, fat-hen, creeping thistle. In the part fertilised with separates, the following were mainly represented: field horsetail, mammoth red clover, common chickweed, dandelion, hoary cress, knotgrass, ribwort plantain. The last experimental variant was left without fertilisation, serving as a control. The identified weed species were also used for pH, N, P and salinity analysis as bioindicators. Weed species were divided according to the methodological guidelines into several groups representing certain criteria. During the comparison of the weed species criteria with the theoretical properties and character of the selected fertilizers, a conclusion was established in which the weed indications for each variant could be considered identical to the properties and character of the fertilizers.
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Vliv agrotechniky na produkční charakteristiky a ekonomiku výroby silážní kukuřice
Bártů, Ondřej
The subject of this thesis was through a field experiment to compare the economics of different options silage maize. Comparisons were ways to stand establishment and variants of fertilization, the nitrogen dose was always the same. It analyzed the influence of fertilizer with the addition of sulfur on maize cultivation. When comparing the establishment of vegetation were evaluated influences on selected production characteristics of silage maize. It was evaluated price per sown hectare, more expensive option, seeding side dress treatment under the heel was implemented through agricultural services and cheaper alternative was seeding fertilizer under the heel of machines owned by the company. Fertilization formed the basis of all variants urea applied before seeding at 250 kg per hectare. In cases when fertilizer was applied directly to seed, it was also used urea. The rest to a total dose of 200 kg nitrogen per hectare was in both versions foundation used more fertilizers, which was urea, manure and aqueous solution of ammonium sulphate with urea (SAM). Even if fertilization effects were evaluated at selected production characteristics depending on the price.
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