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Vliv klimatických podmínek a ročního období na výskyt a vývoj nekrofágních druhů dvoukřídlých (Diptera)
Bittnerová, Adéla
The purpose of this work was to minitor , which Necrophagous Dipteran Species are found at the experimental cadaver during a few months, and how they affect the occurrence and development of climatic conditions in the region. The research was carried on one habitat (Drvalovice) in the South Moravian Region an altitude of 450 meters above sea level. The research was started in March 2013 and finished in June 2014. For research was used five cadavers (homemade chicken), two with feathers and three without feathers. Overall, in this area were observed 12 species of dipterans from which were common 11 for all of cadavers. The presence of many species is dependent on wheather. General, in the colder weeks with often rainfall were observed decrease in number of species. The research also showed faster degradation of the feathered dead body.
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Factors affecting the composition of insect communities on carcases of small mammals
Máslo, Petr ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Čížek, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis describes invertebrate community on cadavers of small mammals, in particulat how cadaver size influences abundace, density, species richness and composition of the necrobiont community. Cadaver size preference of present insects is also described. Field experiments were performed in 2014 in meadow habitats in spring, summer and autumn season. Cadavers were chosen in three weight groups: mice (20 g), small rats (100 g) and large rats (400 - 500 g). Invertebrate abundance increases with cadaver mass, density of the community remains constant. Larger cadavers also have higher species richness. Most dominant ecological guild are necrophages, represented mosty by blow flies (Calliphoridae). Cadaver size preference of recorded insects differ, necrophagous and predatory taxa tend to prefer larger cadavers. Omnivorous carrion beetles (Silphidae: Nicrophorus) prefer small cadavers. Sex of the carrion beetles (Silphidae) does not affect their cadaver size preference, males and females of particular species have very similar preferences. Keywords Ephemeral resource patch, cadaver, necrobiont, size, abundace, diversity, competition, insect communities
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Impact of environmental factors on the game clashes with motor vehicles on roads in West Bohemia.
Přigrodský, Milan ; Šmíd, Petr (advisor) ; Vykouk, Martin (referee)
Under the influence of long-term development of the motorway and road network and increasing the intensity of traffic in the Czech Republic there are frequent accidents. Among the causes of traffic accidents can include some environmental factors whose action may be involved in their formation and their severity e.g. weather conditions, road surroundings, or time of day, but also combinations thereof.
Other important factors may include environmental character clashes with animals, the weight of individuals of some species may cause a traffic accident. Roads are becoming an obstacle to moving animals, which must be overcome in connection with migration or regular movement in the country. If they are not in their construction or renovation of pre-considered measures that would prevent or restrict the movement or the movement of animals. Measures informing drivers of motor vehicles on the hazard can be fatal clash.
This thesis describes the issue of conflicts of motor vehicles with animals, analysis of events related to this topic on the roads West Region, especially its causes and effectiveness of existing measures and custom design to ensure adequate prevention in areas with the highest incidence of conflicts.
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Addressing the mass of animal diseases within the scope of municipalities with extended powers and the district.
PLACEK, Jiří
Mass infections in animals are presently a very common occurrence, as the society faces up to these extraordinary situations more and more frequently. Direct hazards to life, health and property can take place in the case of animal mass infections, mostly however secondary impacts upon the management, economy and psyche of the stock farmers, who can even lose large numbers of animals in a relatively short period, temporarily taking the stock-farming equipment out of service. My thesis deals with solving the issue of the disposal of animal mass infections within the area of municipalities with extended scope of powers. Such activities for particular areas have already been processed in the emergency and crisis plans of the region. Furthermore, I look into various possibilities of animal disposal, as well as the activities of the Integrated Rescue System{\crq}s individual bodies, federal agencies, self-government bodies and legal entities when dealing with such events. One of the possibilities to dispose of infected animals is using the unit for production of non-combustible gas. First designed to put out fires of hay stacks, this unit can be also used to dispose of infected animals, e.g. breeding poultry and piglets. The principle of this method lies in forcing out the oxygen from a closed area by the use of carbon dioxide, or possibly developing carbon monoxide, resulting in the death of the animals. As far as the economic point of view is concerned, this procedure is less demanding, it however requires a thorough sealing off of the area.
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