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Analýza užitkovosti u masného skotu plemene Hereford
MAZALOVSKÁ, Lucie
Theme of this work is breeding of cattle meat breed Hereford breed and their crossbreds with Charolais and Czech spotted cattle. We monitored the influence of sex, breed of father and mother, parity and month of calving on the average weight of calves at 120, 210 and 365 days of animal age. Growth of calves in individual cross combinations were evaluated too. The study was performed on the selected herd of 215 pieces of cattle: 85 of Hereford breed, 68 of Charolais breed and 62 of Czech spotted cattle breed. The herd is bred on the private farm with a total area 90ha of pastures located in the South Bohemian village Lhota near Mladosovice. We used information and performance of the herd of cattle between the years: 2017 and 2018. This diploma thesis confirms that higher average weights can be attain as crossbreeding of meat breeds and also by crossbreeds with dual purpose cattle breeds. Calves born in the late months of the year come up to higher average weights too. From the statistical analysis it is possible to prove the influence of the parent combination on the average weights of calves and their weight gains. The lowest weight gains were observed in calves of crossbred combination of Charolais vs. Czech spotted cattle (0.83 kg per day) and the highest values were detected in calves of Charolais vs. Hereford breeds (1 kg per day).
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Problems of hybrids and non-native species of falconry birds of prey (Falconiformes)
RICHTROVÁ, Zuzana
There have been more and more discussions of the influence of falconry on wild populations of birds of prey in recent years. Where the main topic previously dealt with stealing young birds from nests, today's concerns revolve around interspecific hybrids and non-native species. This thesis therefore focuses on these issues and attempts at collecting available information. The main finding is that only few serious researches have been carried out on this topic so nobody can make a conclusion that would subsequently lead to practical interventions. The available sources clearly show that non-native species are most likely not to pose any risk to nature. In contrast, the information on hybrids was very inconsistent and often diverged. It is probable that hybrids have some influence in nature; but to determine its severity and whether or not intervention is required, we need to carry out a detailed scientific study. IAF (International Association for Falconry) recommends a number of measures that seem to be sufficient at the time and they include: - ban on arbitrary discharge of hybrids and non-native species into the wild - ban on free-hacking while training these birds - requirement to use telemetry in training - requirement to use maximum effort in order to trace these birds in case they get lost - imprinting of young hybrids in species that is not found in nature in the given area Improvement should mainly be made in the registration of birds of prey. At this point and in most countries, it does not allow you to trace the birds' parents reliably and, as a consequence, one cannot unambiguously determine whether the bird in question is a hybrid or pure species.
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The comparison of the results of fattening bulls of different breeds under the same conditions
KUBALOVÁ, Markéta
Cattle husbandryhas a long tradition in the Czech Republic agriculture.Husbandry of dairy cattle is being replaced by husbandry of beef breeds andits count has been increasing in recent years. Approximately 191 thousand of suckler cow was kept on 1st April 2014 according toCzech Statistical Office. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to analyse beef performance of fattening beef breeds, specifically crossbreds of charolais and piemontese breed, where asconditions under which fattening happened were same. The evaluation of chosen performance traits was carried out on 44 crossbreds from Old Town farm located near city of Frýdek-Místek. Groups of bulls were created according to the breed and year of slaughter. The slaughter age, live weight, carcass weight, net gain, average daily gain, and SEUROP system classification into meatiness and fat cover classes. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and StatsoftStatistica. T-test was used to assess significance of differences. The slaughter weight of charolais crossbreds was 636.97 (slaughter age 728.91 days), with piemontese crossbreds 639.17 kg (slaughter age 736.52 days). Minimal difference was found at carcass weight (357.85 kg in charolais, 359.08 kg in piemontese respectively). Average daily gains were also balanced 818.61 g (charolais) and 814.86 g (piemontese). Net gain difference was also low, net gain of charolais crossbreds was 490.74 g per day respectively 488.31 g per day within group of piemontese crossbreds. Differences between breeds were not statistically significant. The difference between slaughter year (2013 and 2014) was also assessed but it was not significant too. Carcass classification according to SEUROP system was in case of charolais crossbreds most often in class R (75 %), while piemontese crossbreds were mostly classified into class R (54.55 %) and U (45.45 %) in 2013. In 2014, carcass of charolais crossbreds was most often in class U (45.45 %) and E (36.36 %), carcass of piemontese in class E (30 %), U (40 %) and R (30 %). Fatness classification within two years of observation was, in all cases, into class 1. Findings did not show that under the certain conditions there were no differences between charolais and piemontese crossbreds. The difference in evaluated traits between years 2013 and 2014 within those breeds was also not confirmed which points out constancy of husbandry condition. The important thing for farmer is carcass classification according to SEUROP system and results show that piemontese crossbred carcasses are favourably classified.
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Susceptibility of Individual Fish Species to Koi Herpes Viral Disease - a research study
KOSTLÁN, Jakub
Koi herpes viral disease (hereinafter referred to as "KHVD") is a dangerous viral disease, outbreak of which was recorded in Israel in 1998 for the first time. Due to exhibitions and international fish trade it spread almost to the whole world in the course of the next 17 years and it caused a loss of many tonnes of both breed and consumption carp as well as it inflicted significant economic losses calculated in the tens millions of dollars. The European Union has added the koi herpes viral disease, due to its hazards, to the list of non-exotic diseases. Since 2008 there is a duty to report this infection in the Czech Republic as well. Koi herpes virus classified in the system of viruses as Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is considered the infective agent. Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) are considered the main species susceptible to KHVD. However, it has been proved that the virus may be also detected in tissues of other fish species and in some of them clinical symptoms may appear. It is of high degree of probability that such fish species may play the role of viral communicants and this presumption has already been proved in some species in experimental conditions. With a view to the fact that koi herpes viral disease is incurable and application of a vaccine is impossible in the Czech Republic, for protection of fish breeding it is crucial to prevent bringing the disease in the territory. Mass fish perish caused by KHVD shall be prevented by strict inspection processes of the imported and exported fish, monitoring of the disease spread and responsible breeders' approach. The major objective of this work was to summarise available information about koi herpes viral disease and susceptibility of the individual fish species to this dangerous viral infectious disease in a form of a research study.
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