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Fusion systems and their shielding
Roubal, Michal ; Katovský, Karel (referee) ; Král, Dušan (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with nuclear fusion and its use as a source of energy for humanity. In the first part of my thesis, I will briefly explore the research history of nuclear fusion. Next, I will investigate the various possible issues connected with achieving and sustaining nuclear fusion. I will briefly discuss the importance of mastering it. I will talk about existing and anticipated risks of radiation damage which can occur during nuclear fusion. Lastly, i will discuss the principles of tritium breeding.
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Powder feeding analysis in RF-ICP
Zlatník, Rostislav ; Veverka, Jakub (referee) ; Čížek, Jan (advisor)
The work is focused on the problematics of inductively coupled plasma, which is used for deposition of layers. We focused on two goals in the work. The first one focused on powder feeder, which is working on the vibration principle and is used in an apparatus that is using inductively coupled plasma. The aim is to determine its properties, dependence on different input parameters and working conditions. Is important to verify the suitability of its use for this kind of application. The assumption was to find the ideal configuration of the feeder for the given powder. After an overall assessment of the feeder properties, it was recognized as inappropriate for this application. The second goal is to spray tungsten layers with three different tungsten powders. Layers made with an inductively coupled plasma technology delivers promising results, but this issue needs to be intensively addressed in the future.
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RF-ICP deposition of tungsten coatings
Zlatník, Rostislav ; Houdková, Šárka (referee) ; Čížek, Jan (advisor)
The main object of this work is the technology of radio frequency controlled inductively coupled plasma, abbreviated RF-ICP. The specific goal of the work was the application of surface layers of tungsten and analysis of the influence of changes in process conditions on the resulting microstructure and chemical composition of deposited coatings. The monitored conditions were torch power, choice of carrier gas, powder feedrate.
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Development and application of methods for measurement of magnetic field on tokamaks
Kovařík, Karel ; Ďuran, Ivan (advisor) ; Mlynář, Jan (referee) ; Tichý, Milan (referee)
Title: Development and application of methods for measurement of magnetic field on tokamaks Author: Ing. Karel Kovařík Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i. Supervisor: Ing. Ivan Duran, PhD. (Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i.) Abstract: Thesis describes two parts of my work in frame of magnetic confined fusion research. First part describes irradiation testing of the Hall sensors based on InSb semiconductor. It evaluates radiation effects of fast and thermal neutrons on the Hall sensors sensitivity. Tests indicate low level of changes for fluence lower only by order of magnitude than expected in the whole lifetime of ITER tokamak. Second part describes measurement of turbulent plasma structures parameters in scrape--off layer of the COMPASS tokamak, particularly the parallel electric current flowing along them. Design of novel combined probe allowing measurement of not only electrostatic parameters but also the parallel electric current is presented. Evaluation of parallel electric current is discussed and compared with experiment. Statistical analysis of the plasma structures is presented. Empirical formulas of the...
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RF-ICP deposition of tungsten coatings
Zlatník, Rostislav ; Houdková, Šárka (referee) ; Čížek, Jan (advisor)
The main object of this work is the technology of radio frequency controlled inductively coupled plasma, abbreviated RF-ICP. The specific goal of the work was the application of surface layers of tungsten and analysis of the influence of changes in process conditions on the resulting microstructure and chemical composition of deposited coatings. The monitored conditions were torch power, choice of carrier gas, powder feedrate.
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Fusion systems and their shielding
Roubal, Michal ; Katovský, Karel (referee) ; Král, Dušan (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with nuclear fusion and its use as a source of energy for humanity. In the first part of my thesis, I will briefly explore the research history of nuclear fusion. Next, I will investigate the various possible issues connected with achieving and sustaining nuclear fusion. I will briefly discuss the importance of mastering it. I will talk about existing and anticipated risks of radiation damage which can occur during nuclear fusion. Lastly, i will discuss the principles of tritium breeding.
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Powder feeding analysis in RF-ICP
Zlatník, Rostislav ; Veverka, Jakub (referee) ; Čížek, Jan (advisor)
The work is focused on the problematics of inductively coupled plasma, which is used for deposition of layers. We focused on two goals in the work. The first one focused on powder feeder, which is working on the vibration principle and is used in an apparatus that is using inductively coupled plasma. The aim is to determine its properties, dependence on different input parameters and working conditions. Is important to verify the suitability of its use for this kind of application. The assumption was to find the ideal configuration of the feeder for the given powder. After an overall assessment of the feeder properties, it was recognized as inappropriate for this application. The second goal is to spray tungsten layers with three different tungsten powders. Layers made with an inductively coupled plasma technology delivers promising results, but this issue needs to be intensively addressed in the future.
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Development and application of methods for measurement of magnetic field on tokamaks
Kovařík, Karel ; Ďuran, Ivan (advisor) ; Mlynář, Jan (referee) ; Tichý, Milan (referee)
Title: Development and application of methods for measurement of magnetic field on tokamaks Author: Ing. Karel Kovařík Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i. Supervisor: Ing. Ivan Duran, PhD. (Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i.) Abstract: Thesis describes two parts of my work in frame of magnetic confined fusion research. First part describes irradiation testing of the Hall sensors based on InSb semiconductor. It evaluates radiation effects of fast and thermal neutrons on the Hall sensors sensitivity. Tests indicate low level of changes for fluence lower only by order of magnitude than expected in the whole lifetime of ITER tokamak. Second part describes measurement of turbulent plasma structures parameters in scrape--off layer of the COMPASS tokamak, particularly the parallel electric current flowing along them. Design of novel combined probe allowing measurement of not only electrostatic parameters but also the parallel electric current is presented. Evaluation of parallel electric current is discussed and compared with experiment. Statistical analysis of the plasma structures is presented. Empirical formulas of the...
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Chapters of the Nuclear Fusion for Secondary Schools
Řehák, Česlav ; Mlynář, Jan (advisor) ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (referee)
Title: Chapters from nuclear fusion for high school education Author: Česlav Řehák Department: Didactics of physics Supervisor: RNDr. Jan Mlynář, Ph.D., Faculty of nuclear physics and engineering, ČVUT Abstract: Text of this thesis is intended for anyone interested in nuclear fusion, although it is especially aimed for education of physics in high schools. The thesis sums up the basic principles of fusion reactions in space and explains it's importance for life on Earth. Additionally, it points out some of the most crucial problems of present world energetics and introduces controlled thermonuclear fusion as a possible solution. The thesis clarifies some of the most important aspects of controlled fusion research, especially the branch of magnetic confinement reactors, and provides the most significant advantages and disadvantages of this potential power source. It also offers variety of illustrative pictures. Keywords: Nuclear fusion, energetics, magnetic confinement, tokamak
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