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Meziplodiny a zaplevelení obilnin
Pluschková, Zuzana
The aim of this master’s thesis was to determine the types of weeds in intercrops and subsequent cereals, to evaluate changesin weeding and to estimate the long-term effects of intercrops on cereal weeding. The weeding rate was evaluated using a numerical method. In the company Hoštická a. s., weeding was observed in various mixtures of intercrops and subsequently cultivated spring barley and maize. In a field experiment carried out at the experiment station Ivanovice na Hané weeding was observed in a barley monoculture after a sown intercrop and after skimming. The results were processed using statistical methods. Weed species were also divided according to different criteria (according to biological properties, according to origin, according to invasive status and according to harmfulness). The results show that monoculture of barley can increase the species representation of weeds. In the long term, intercrops can suppress some types of weeds. Intercrops allow the sprouts of the previous crop to emerge and prevent weeding of subsequent crops. As the diversity of intercrops increases, the list of ecosystem services expands.
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Vliv druhově bohatých meziplodin na půdu
Žák, Oldřich
Sufficient organic matter in the soil is necessary to maintain soil fertility. Numerous studies show that using cover crop mixtures can better prevent erosion, increase yields of the main crop, reduce pesticides and herbicides, reduce fertiliser, reduce diseases and pests, ultimately prevent nitrogen leaching and improve the overall impact of farming on biodiversity. Our experiment suggests that the impact of species-rich cover crops could be positive if proper management is followed.
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Uplatnění meziplodin jako stabilizujícího prvku v protierozní ochraně
PICKA, Patrik
The bachelor's thesis on the topic of the application of intermediate crops as a stabi-lizing element in anti-erosion protection aimed to assess the usability of intermediate crops in sowing procedures in agriculture. Other examined variables included the evaluation of the effect on the increase of water retention in the landscape and the anti-erosion efficiency of the vegetation cover. A locality located in the Tábor dis-trict, in the cadastral area of Želeč u Tábora, was selected for the research plan. The work was divided into several parts for clarity. The first, theoretical part of the work deals with the issue of erosion, its distribution, the principles of protection against water erosion and, last but not least, also deals with intermediate crops, which can be used as a stabilizing element in erosion protection. The second part of the work introduces the selected locality and is supplemented by calculations of land-slide in this area. Soil loss was calculated using the Wichmeier - Smith (1978) equa-tion for the sowing procedure without intercrop and with the intercrop. The results of the sowing procedure with intermediate crops were compared and subsequently evaluated. The results of the work showed that the use of catch crops is very favorable for the soil and should be commonly included in sowing pro-cedures. This is due to their ability to improve the soil and extend the duration of the vegetation cover.
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The solution of anti-erosive protection for the model catchment area Jenín
URBANOVÁ, Michaela
Target of the thesis is examination and evaluation of water-erosion influence on farmlands in the catchment of the Jenín brook. In the case of heightened erosive washes it should to suggest anti-erosive measures. In practical section a calculation of erosive washes trough the use of the Wischmeier-Smith equation is presented. This calculation evidences excessive erosive wash just about 60 % of area. Because of this reason the following options of anti-erosive measures were suggested: option Nr. 1 - the rotation of crops with one intercrop; option Nr. 2 - the rotation of crops with two intercrops and Nr. 3 {--} the delimitation of plantation {--} a change of the arable land on the grassland. For these measures the erosive wash was calculated. In results the calculations and evaluation of particulars options of erosive measures are presented. In the end the evaluation of all outcomes in relation to existent land use is concluding.
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Uplatnění meziplodin jako stabilizujícího prvku v protierozní ochraně
ŠÍMOVÁ, Kristýna
The aim of the work is to find out the application of intercrops and their influence in crop rotation in the cadastral area of Krašovice u Čížové. The first part of the thesis deals with erosion, anti-erosion measures and intercrops. In the second part there is a calculation of erosion shear on given cadastral area. The erosion of soil on the soil blocks is calculated using the Wischmeier-Smith equation (USLE). The wash is then further compared, using crop rotation and crop rotation with the application of intercrops.
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Intercrops and their use in erosion protection
KLÍR, Josef
This Bachelor's thesis is aimed to assess the effects of erosion intercrop included in crop rotations. Erosion losses will be evaluated in the cadastral area Předenice, located in the pilsen region. Erosion losses will be evaluated for current crop rotation LUKRENA a.s. and compared the results with the inclusion of intercrops in crop rotation.
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