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The informed consent, particularly the criminal aspects
Malý, Lukáš ; Sovová, Olga (advisor) ; Císařová, Dagmar (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Právnická Fakulta Katedra trestního práva Centrum zdravotnického práva Lukáš Malý The Informed Consent, particularly the criminal aspects Thessis Short summary This thesis deals with a current problem of informed consent of a patient to a medical treatment, with a special regard to aspects of such consent pertaining to criminal law. Current healthcare in a vast majority of modern countries is based on the principle of informed consent. Following an introductory review of the history of the physician-patient relationship, the current legislation surrounding the informed consent is analyzed. These laws are undergoing major changes as this thesis is being finished, giving me the chance to describe both past and future legal regulation. I proceed to describe in detail when the informed consent is required, in what form must it be granted and what sort of medical information is needed to be given to the patient prior to his decision. To adequately weigh the aspects of criminal responsibility in relation to informed consent, the analysis of all possible forms of legal responsibility is performed, with some comparisons to relevant criminal regulation in other countries being made.
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Parents´ and nurses´ attitude from the general pediatrist surgery, to obligatory and optional children vaccination.
SUCHANOVÁ, Martina
Abstract Vaccination is an important part of medical prevention, particularly as prevention of some infectious diseases. A primary care nurse checks vaccination status and informs parents on vaccination terms. She is responsible for trouble-free course of vaccination. Apart from compulsory vaccination parents may have their children vaccinated against some diseases, which is non-compulsory and paid from private funds. The practical part of the thesis is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. A questioning method, the questionnaire technique was chosen for the quantitative research, the research sample consisted of parents of children between 0 and 10 years of age. The 1st goal of the research was to map how well parents having 0-10 year old children were informed on compulsory and non-compulsory vaccination in České Budějovice. A hypothesis was set upon the chosen goal: Parents of 0-10 year old children are informed on compulsory and non-compulsory vaccination. The hypothesis was confirmed. The 2nd goal was to find out what the most frequent fears of vaccination were among parents of 0-10 year old children. The hypothesis formulated to this goal, that parents of 0-10 year old children were afraid of vaccination side effects was not confirmed. A half of the questioned parents have fears. The 3rd goal was to find whether parents were was interested in non-compulsory vaccination. The hypothesis set to this goal, that parents of 0-10 year old children are interested in non-compulsory vaccination was confirmed. The quantitative research employed a questioning method, the technique of depth interview with nurses working at paediatric surgeries in České Budějovice. The fourth goal was to map the role of a nurse in motivating parents to have their children vaccinated. A research question was based on the chosen goal: What is the role of a nurse in motivating parents to have their children vaccinated? I found from interviews with the nurses that a nurse motivates parents through information on vaccination, vaccination terms, on contradiction and adverse responses. She helps solve vaccination related problems. The bachelor thesis may improve knowledge among students, parents and nurses working at paediatric practitioner surgeries and among the public interested in vaccination.
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Evidence-based Management in Healthcare
Vydrová, Rosa ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Lešetický, Ondřej (referee)
Evidence-based management involves decision making based on the best available scientific knowledge about effective organization practice. This evidence can be obtained from internal or systematic external research. Analysis of measures to prevent infections in hemato-oncologic patients a Prague teaching hospital revealed, that current organization practices do not allow a high quality internal research assessing provided health care quality. Causes of barriers to practice evidence-based approach in the organization processes and potential solutions are debated. In healthcare, Evidence-based management has a significant impact on improving the quality of provided care via identification of the best processes of integrating the outcomes of evidence-based medicine into the routine clinical practice. The aim of this work was to fill in absent information about evidence-based management in Czech academic literature and to introduce the ideas, principles and tools of evidence-based practice, as well as information on available sources of scientific evidence and activities that help adopting the evidene-based approach to management.
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