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Determination of lead and zinc in great tits blood
Greguš, Viktor ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
EN Determination of heavy metals in urban living passerine birds organism has been considered as suitable method for monitoring pollution of human enviroment which these elements can cause. This study deals with determination of zinc and lead in dried great tits blood samples using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique. Dried blood samples were weighed, solubilized in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and microwavelly digested. Calibration standards for determined elements were prepared and basic analytical characteristics of the measurement were determined. Matrix interference was examined by measuring the recovery of element determination presented as a ratio of the slope of standard addition to the certified reference material of whole blood sample and the slope of external calibration.
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Photochemical vapor generation of rhenium with a detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Hašlová, Karolína ; Musil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with an optimization of the conditions of photochemical vapor generation of rhenium with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Photochemical vapor generation was realized using an ultraviolet irradiation in a high-efficiency photochemical reactor with an inner reaction channel from a formic acid based medium in presence of reaction modifiers. Optimizations of parameters affecting the generation efficiency was implemented step by step - reaction medium flow rate (irradiation time), formic acid concentration, addition of acetic acid and reaction modifiers (transition metals) and carrier gas flow rate. The addition of an appropriate combination of reaction modifiers - cadmium(II) and iron(II) ions, had a key impact on photochemical generation of volatile species of Re and led to more than 40-fold increase in generation efficiency. A further (2-fold) increase in generation efficiency was achieved by wrapping the high-efficiency photochemical reactor with an aluminum foil, probably due to more efficient irradiation of the sample in the generator. The limit of detection and quantification were determined as 0.24 ng dm-3 and 0.80 ng dm-3 Re, respectively. The repeatability of the method 100 ng dm-3 Re was 4.8%. Key words photochemical vapor generation,...
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Determination of lead and zinc in great tits blood
Greguš, Viktor ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
EN Determination of heavy metals in urban living passerine birds organism has been considered as suitable method for monitoring pollution of human enviroment which these elements can cause. This study deals with determination of zinc and lead in dried great tits blood samples using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique. Dried blood samples were weighed, solubilized in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and microwavelly digested. Calibration standards for determined elements were prepared and basic analytical characteristics of the measurement were determined. Matrix interference was examined by measuring the recovery of element determination presented as a ratio of the slope of standard addition to the certified reference material of whole blood sample and the slope of external calibration.
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Separation of toxicologically relevant arsenic species for speciation analysis by RP-HPLC-ICP-MS
Kanásová, Mária ; Matoušek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Červený, Václav (referee)
The thesis is mapping possibilities of separation of toxicologically relevant arsenic species complexed with peptides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ICP-MS). The C18 chromatography column and gradient elution of the mobile phase (0,1% formic acid with gradient of acetonitrile) was used. At these conditions the separation of simple arsenic species - arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsenic acid (MA(III)), monomethylarsenous acid (MA(V)), dimethylarsenic acid (DMA(III)) and dimethylarsenous acid (DMA(V)) was not successful. However, separation of arsenic- -glutathione complexes - arsenic triglutathione (ATG), methylarsenic diglutathione (MADG) and dimethylarsenic glutathione (DMAG) was obtained. Several chromatographic peaks were observed at higher concentration of acetonitrile in mobile phase. The analysis of two in vitro methylation mixtures was also examined. Mixtures contained arsenite (As(III)), S-(5'-adenosyl)methionine chloride (SAM), tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) and arsenic(3+)methyltrasferase enzyme (AS3MT) probably participating in human arsenic metabolism. Second mixture also included glutathione (GSH). Several chromatographic peaks of complex species were obtained by analyzing these...
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Determination of selected metals in grapes cultivated by different techniques
Kubicová, Lenka ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this study is to determine the content of selected metals (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Sn, Sr, Pb, V, Zn) in samples of leaves and grapes produced by ecologic agriculture and compare to results with leaves and grapes produced by integrated agriculture. The measured results used to assess the impact of agricultural technology on the quality of vines and grapes. The amount of elements was analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after previous digestion of sapmles using microwaves. Concentrations of elements in leaves and grapes from organic and integrated farming did not differ significantly only in the case of copper concentrations were measured higher concentrations in samples from organic farming. This difference is probably caused by different doses of authorized protective equipment based on copper in the organic and integrated farming.
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Determination of semimetals in selected food samples
Gállová, Eva ; Vitoulová, Eva (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with an optimization technique for the determination of semimetals in selected samples of food, which consists of sample digestion, preconcentration and detection of the elements. Preconcentration is usually chosen because these elements are contained in foods only in trace amounts, which are undetectable for some techniques. This work also made characteristics of semimetals, in terms of their functions in the body, of the occurrence in food and the consequences for the organism on their surplus or shortage. The chosen technique of preconcentration in this work was the preconcentration of titanium dioxide. When optimizing the techniques, however, was unlike the results published in literature, obtained low yield of elements sorbed on titanium dioxide, therefore the samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry directly after their mineralization, wet digestion with low temperature. The results of this work indicate that the elements arsenic, boron and selenium are given technique detectable without preconcentration, whilst set germanium content in all samples failed, due to very low concentrations and therefore in these cases would be required preconcentration.
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