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Chinese accession to WTO and its trade disputes in the field of WTO.
Březinová, Markéta ; Zapletal, Petr (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The thesis is focused on Chinese accession to WTO and at the same time describes certain trade disputes in the field of WTO. First of all, text describes history of economic changes, thanks to which China became a member of WTO and gradually gained World economic power. The paper provides a description of history and functioning principles of GATT and WTO. The author analyzes the reasons, which led China to aapplication for accession to WTO. Then the thesis looks at chinese committments and consequences of its enter for other countries. Using the main macroecnomic indicators thesis analyzes the economic situation of China before it entered WTO and after the year 2001. In the conclusion, there are selected trade disputess of ČLR with other members.
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Analysis of the innovation potential of the Czech Republic
Čech, Bohuslav ; Dočkal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Zemplinerová, Alena (referee)
This thesis focuses on innovation and their forms, theories of innovation as a source of economic cycles and innovation activity within the entrepreneur theory. On these basics using a deductive method creates a new theory of population as the only real source of innovation potential. This theory is then used for analysis with focus on quantity -- number of inhabitants and quality -- educational structure of inhabitants. It leads to the conclusion, that Czech republic doesn't have enough sources for innovation driven economic growth.
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The significance of the institutional environment for innovation activities of enterprises in the Czech Republic
Bízková, Jitka ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Gráf, Václav (referee)
This diploma thesis represents an effort to contribute to the solving of the problem of optimal relations between the institutional environment, entrepreneurial activity and innovative activity in terms of securing a higher degree of competitiveness of the current economy in the Czech Republic. The institutional environment is perceived as the rules of the game, under which social interactions take place. When defining the business activity the Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction is not ignored and the issue of innovation activity is viewed from the perspective of institutional change. Various forms of institutional environment are analyzed in the selected European countries (Germany, Finland, Switzerland), whose competitiveness is based on successful innovation activities. The research is extended by the comparison of innovation policies and the analysis of the level of ICT infrastructure of the above mentioned countries. The significance of the institutional framework for innovation activities is evaluated in the final part of the thesis. The content of the corrective measures in the current economic policy of Czech Republic is drawn from the evaluation.
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Solidarity nad Social Justice in Society
Kankrlík, Tomáš ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
The paper focuses on the welfare state, which is enjoying the favor on the one hand and facing the strong criticism on the other hand. The work aims to assess the relationship of the social expenditure share in GDP and the GDP growth in the selected European countries, namely Sweden, Germany and Great Britain. Within the solution of this question the work focuses first on the theory of the welfare state and the state intervention approaches applied in the exercise of social policy. Further the work points to the adverse effects of the social policy. In the applied part the paper analyzes the countries in terms of the structure of social expenditures, their share in GDP and the GDP growth in the period. The paper focuses particularly on the relationship of the share of social expenditures in GDP and the GDP growth. In all three cases the demonstration of the dependence of observed variables based on correlation analysis failed. At the conclusion the work provides evaluation of the relationship of the social expenditure share in GDP and the unemployment rate, where the dependence of both indicators was confirmed.
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Social capital and development assistance
Štourač, František ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
Objective of the first part is to find suitable definition of capital. For this reason is here made a brief summary of the history of economic thoughts about capital. Then is selected the proper definition according to previously defined requirements and criteria. Second part is based on the formerly founded definition of capital, which then helps to clarify the social capital definition. Moreover are in this following part analyzed main contributions to this topic. The final part focuses on the role of social capital in the development assistance. Here are described not only the results of the Official development assistance, but also some alternative approaches. At the end are proved by measuring and comparison the previously obtained theoretical outcomes. These are made on the case of sub-Saharan Africa countries.
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The effect of education and health investments on economic growth of the Czech Republic from 1995 to 2009
Charvátová, Kristýna ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis focuses on exploring the influence of private and public expenditures on health and education on economic growth. In the first part a theoretical model based on the aggregate production function is described; on its basis in the second part an empirical analysis based on the data from the Czech Republic from 1995 to 2009 is made. After estimating the model using the least squares method it has been shown that public health expenditures and private expenditures on education positively affect economic growth and on the contrary, private expenditures on health and public spending on education negatively affect economic growth.
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Corruption and Economic Growth
Klepek, Cyril ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Chalupníček, Pavel (referee)
The paper focuses on the issue of corruption and its affect on economic growth. In examining these effects, the study directs its attention at the European Union and is divided into two parts. In the empirical section, the results of a regressive analysis confirm the initial hypothesis of the negative effect of corruption on economic performance. The study then describes the effects of corruption on economic growth using direct and transmission mechanisms. The theoretical part of this study presents information on the problems of this phenomenon in terms of its identification and measurement. The study also considers the differing situations in European Union Member States and disproves the assumption that the EU is divided into the corrupt east and non-corrupt west. In view of the confirmation of the negative effect of corruption on GDP growth, the study presents possible solutions, which in particular call for the need for an effective and enforceable legal system.
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Do the developed countries invest more in education?
Dlabáčková, Dorota ; Urbánek, Václav (advisor) ; Kubík, Rudolf (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the concepts of human capital and investment in human capital in macroeconomic terms. In the first part, this concept is mapped by a few definitions. Then I describe the history, the emergence of the first ideas connected with human capital, main leaders and their key ideas. Investments in human capital, i.e. simply in education, is presented in the concretion. The resulting comparison is performed on the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) states. The analysis compares the investment in education and economic maturity of theindividual states. Investments in education are intended by expenditure (private and public) on education as a percentage of GDP. In the thesis, economic maturity is defined by several macroeconomic indicators, i.e. Gross Domestic Product levels(real GDP growth, GDP per capita), long-term unemployment and health care.
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Is Ch. Jones right? Can we observe discrepancy among investment rates and technological progress?
Kováč, Vladimír ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Chytil, Zdeněk (referee)
According to AK and R&D models, permanent rise in investment rates and the growing number or researchers should have permanent effects on growth rate. Charles Jones (1995a) used the lack of long-term movements in GDP and productivity growth to challenge the validity of these models. The aim of this paper is to empirically re-test these models of endogenous growth. The author follows the methods proposed by Ch. Jones (1995a) and extends the analysis for variables that could offset the movements in growth rates. The results show no support for the tested models.
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