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The realization of the barrier care by students from Health-Social Faculty
STEHLÍKOVÁ, Jaroslava
The term barrier care is possible to define like a set of different working processes, whose aim is to destroy pathogenic organisms and to prevent them in repeated extantion. It is in principle about prevention of the hospital (in-patient) infections. Every student from Faculty of Health and Social Studies is during the studies notified of the principles of proper washing and desinfection of hands, of safe handling with laundry and biological material, but also of basic fundamentals personal safeness, to which come under e.g. the utilization of the personal protective aids, safe liquidation of the hospital waste et al. The work with title The realization of the barrier care by students from University of South, Faculty of Health and Social Studies is splitted into two parts. The theoretic part of the bachelor work tries to include the complex theme of barrier care, with a view to way of transfer of hospital infections, types of hand washing and hand desinfection, methods of sterilizing, the use of personal protective aids and some principles of safety. The results of nursing research are compiled in the experimental part of work. In the course of the research was used the quantitative method of collecting data with the technique of hidden observation. The students, which were observed, were from Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South, from 2nd and 3rd classes of present study called General nurse. The research was provided in Hospital Ceske Budejovice, Inc. The chosen wards for research were neurological, internal and surgical ward. In connection with the task of the bachelor work three targets were set together with six hypotheses to pertinent confirmation or negation. The authoress tryed to find out whether the students from Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South adhere a correct process of hand washing and hand desinfection, to what extent the students use personal protective aids and to what extent the students adhere to some fundamentals of their safety work. In conclusion there are the most important facts, which were ascertained and proposals on possible solutions. The authoress thinks that the bachelor work could serve as an informative material for another students and at the same time it could help teachers to aim the problematic parts of lessons or at training of practical skills, in which the students were slipped.
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Decontamination of devices in nursing practice
SMÍTKOVÁ, Šárka
Term ``decontamination{\crqq} is defined as a set of measures which constitutes killing or removal of microorganisms from the environment and items regardless of the degree of reduction of the germs quantity. Decontamination forms an integral part of nursing practice, preventing transfer and spread of infections. The qualitative research was conducted in the internal medicine ward of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. by the method of a non-standardized interview, supplemented by structured observation. The research set comprised eight nurses. The interview consisted of 11 questions and the observation was divided into six units. Four objectives were set. Objective 1: to ascertain what devices are decontaminated in the nursing practice; objective 2: to ascertain who prepares solutions intended for decontamination of devices in the ward; objective 3: to ascertain in what manner decontamination of devices is conducted; and objective 4: to identify the most frequently used decontamination preparations. On the basis of these objectives the following research questions were raised: What devices are decontaminated in the internal medicine ward most frequently? How is preparation of decontamination solutions secured? How do nurses proceed in decontamination of devices? What preparations are used for decontamination? On the basis of the in-depth interview and observation it was ascertained that plastic devices are decontaminated in the ward, most frequent being urinals, bedpans, vomit bowls, working surfaces, tableware used by patients and surgical tools. The solutions intended for decontamination are prepared by nurses and sanitation staff following the recommended procedure but not observing exact dosing of the disinfectant. When decontaminating devices, the nurses use a two-stage decontamination procedure. The decontamination preparations most frequently used by the nurses are 0.5% Persteril and Presept tablets. The results of the research will be provided to the ward where the research was conducted. As an opportunity for improvement, I propose holding a session of a small group of nurses in order to interact on the topic of decontamination of devices and to repeat the principles stipulated in the hospital standard so that the nurses realize what mistakes they make and what consequences may follow from the mistakes both for them and their patients.
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