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Příčiny a důsledky výskytu equinního melanomu v chovech koní
KUČEROVÁ, Anna
This bachelor thesis focused on analyzing the occurrence of equine melanoma in horse husbandry. Equine melanoma is a tumor disease primarily affecting older horses with white coloration, which may not pose a significant obstacle but can also be life-threatening. Thus, it is an important topic for horse breeders. The aim of this thesis was to compile current information on melanoma in horses based on available domestic and foreign literary sources and evaluate its occurrence in horses. Based on the evaluation of a questionnaire survey, 262 horses were assessed, among which 35 had melanoma. The disease was most frequently found in horses with whitening white coloration (63%), where the influence of coloration was statistically highly significant (p-value < 0.01). A higher proportion of affected horses were geldings (57%), but the influence of gender was not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05). Most respondents reported that melanomas appeared in their horses at the age of 13. According to the results, the most critical site was the tail (38%). 54% of respondents stated that melanoma in their horses was benign. Treatment was decided upon for 43%, with surgical excision being the most common method chosen (23%). The resulting general recommendation for breeding practice is primarily the inspection of risk areas on the horse's body, whether during its breeding or planned purchase. Such areas include the tail, trunk, and head. In the case of breeding a horse with white coloration, it is important to be prepared for the possibility of melanoma and to have sufficient awareness of the disease to ensure timely and adequate care for the horse.
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