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Dlouhodobé skladování krytokořenného sadebního materiálu lesních dřevin
Pantová, Petra
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of suitable conditions for overwinter storage of containerized planting stock of forest tree species, namely European beech and Norway spruce. The monitored trees were stored over the winter in freezer storage with set and recorded temperatures of -1.7 °C, -2.7 °C and -6.6 °C. Another was used the refrigerated storage in cooler storage where was the temperature set of +2.4 °C and maintained at 100% relative atmospheric humidity and the nonrefrigerated storage systems – open storage. The overwinter storage´s trees were planted in the spring and the plant´s vitality was appraised. At the end of the first vegetation period, the basic morphological parameters and aspects were evaluated. According to the processed and evaluated results, it is necessary to store the plants in a state of deep dormancy from the point of view of the appropriate storage period. As an inappropriate temperature for storage of the two tree species of interest, the temperature was determined at -6.6 °C. The optimum storage temperature in freezer storages is determined at -2.7 °C. The results show that Norway spruce is less suitable for a cooler storage with temperature of +2.4 °C due to fungal diseases, even after application of fungicide. The optimum time of thawing – acclimation time for temperature -2.7 °C is 1 week. Longer acclimatization 35 days is only suitable for plants storage at -6.6 °C because of losses during the first growing period. According to the results, optimal amount of nitrogen fertilization should be observed, since over-fertilization and non-fertilization lead to higher losses and poor growth of plants after planting, especially the European beech.
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Ekonomické zhodnocení účinku vybraných hnojiv se stabilizovaným dusíkem u pšenice ozimé
Sapák, Antonín
The aim of submitted thesis was to evaluate the application of selected fertilizers with nitrogen and sulfur to the grain yield and the quality of winter wheat production and the impact of their use on the economy of this cereal crop. Their testing was carried out in a one-year field experiment. In the experiment selected combinations of fertilizers containing various forms of N, N-fertilizers with sulfur and manure added with nitrogen conversion inhibitors were tested. Fertilizers were applied in selected terms of regeneration, production and quality fertilization. At a total ration of 159 kg/ha N. N-fertilizer with urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitor – Urea Stabil and Alzon Neo – achieved the best results. Their application increased the yield (Alzon Neo) and consequently the economy of wheat growing technology (Urea Stabil). A decrease in the results of the experiment was recorded for sulfur-containing fertilizers (Ensin and DASA). Low yield effect was found after application of LAD + LAD + DAM 390 fertilization. Wheat food quality E was achieved in all fertilization variants tested. In the variant using a uniform application of fertilizer with urease inhibitor (Urea Stabil), the economy of the growing technology generated up to 37 % rel.
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Využitie dusíkatých hnojív so sírou vo výžive slnečnice ročnej
Maťko, Jakub
The main goal of this diploma thesis with topic „Application of nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur in nutrition of common sunflower“ was to find out the effect of split nutrition in common sunflower and its quantitative and qualitative yield parameters. The diploma thesis is about advisement of used fertilizers with nitrogen and sulphur influence on achenes yield, WTS, oil content and oil production. One year vegetative experiment was realised in ZD Hrušovany u Brna. Urea was used in all variants in dose 100 kg.ha-1 (in control variant was used 200 kg.ha-1). In growth stage of eight leaf were aplicated 40 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen with fertilizers LOVOGRAN, LOVOGRAN IN, DASA H, ENSIN, DASAMAG and MAGNISUL on variants with splitting nutrition. The highest yield and economical efficiency were gained by LOVOGRAN. In comparasion with control variant the yield of achenes incresed by 9,3 % and the profit was about 40,85 €.ha-1. Even the highest WTS was reached in variant with MAGNISUL (38,95 g), the profit from yield grew up to 2,8 % in comparasion with control variant. Variant with DASA H gained statistically influenced the highest oil content (44,88 %). The highest oil production was gained by LOVOGRAN.
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Vliv odstupňovaných dávek živin na produkci a kvalitu píce travního porostu
Říha, Tomáš
The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess the effect off ertilization on floristic changes, production and quality of semi-natural grassland. The experiment was solving on the experimental area Kameničky (Vysočina region) between years 2015 – 2017. The intensity offertilization was evaluated in variants: non-fertilization, P30K60 kg.ha-1, N90P30K60 kg.ha-1, N180P30K60 kg.ha-1 in three cutting system. Agrobotanic groups (grasses, legumes and herbs), share of valuable species, primary forage production and grassland quality with content of organic nutrients were evaluated. Nitrogen fertilization (N180P30K60) had a significant effect on proportion grasses (P<0,05). Legumes and herbs were suppressed by nitrogen (P<0,05). The best share legumes were after doses by P30K60. Nitrogen fertilizationin creased the share of valuable grass species in the grassland (P<0,05), in particular Alopecurus pratensis L., Poa pratensis L. a Festuca rubra agg. Also the dose N90P30K60 increased the share of Bistorta major S. F. Gray. The biggest share Sanguisorba officinalis L. was after fertilization P30K60. The less valuable species were suppressed by fertilization. Fertilization increased the yield of dry matter and green forage (P <0.05). The dose N180P30K60 increased the yield of dry matter by 50% and green forage by 55.7% compared with the non-fertilized variant (P <0.05). Non-fertilized variants had the lowest EGQ quality (31,2), by fertilization increases the quality of the grassland at the expense of species diversity. After the dose N180P30K60, the forage had the highest value NL (158.04 g.kg-1) and WSC (46.48 g.kg-1). The NEL concentration was in the optimal range of 5.34-5.47 MJ.kg-1. All fertilized variants showed a higher crude fiber content in the forage, the most influence the content dose of N180P30K60 (254.31 g.kg-1). Higher value so fash meaned the contamination of forage with soil during a harvest.
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Mimokořenová aplikace síry v máku setém
Křivan, Tomáš
The purpose of this bachelor thesis was a study of effect of a foliar application of sul-phur in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Final thesis deals with the assessment of the effect of different forms of sulphur on the yield parameters of the poppy. The sulphur forms were applicated in foliar way by commercial fertilizers. The experiment was realized in the form of a small-plot year-long experiment in ŠPZ Žabčice in year 2017. The foliar application of thiosulphate sulphur (fertilizers YaraVita Thiotrac 300, SK sol, Folit Thiosulf), elementary sulphur (Ferti MK S 800 SC, Folit sulphur) and polysulfide sulphur (Sulka K, Sulka H) were used in this experiment. The application was performed in phase of 10th leaf. Two weeks after the application of fertilizers a nutritive status of plants was evaluated by an inorganic analysis. Higher amount of sulphur correlated with higher amount of nitrogen. The biggest influence on the yield was proved after the application of fertilizer SK sol. In this variant the seed yield was increased by 7.2 % in comparison with the unfertilized control. On the contrary the smallest influence on the seed yield had the fertilizer Sulka K with an increase by 3 %.
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Faktory ovlivňující množství a kvalitu silice v rodu Origanum L. (dobromysl)
Gricová, Martina
Bachelor thesis, written on Factors influencing the quantity and the quality of essential oil in the genus Origanum L. (Dobromysl), is an enumeration of Czech and foreign information regarding to description of the genus. The literary part is dedicated to taxonomy, botanical description, expansion, morpohology and ecology of the genus. Part of the thesis is a description of the taxa cultivated in The experimental garden of ZF MENDELU in Lednice. The quantity and the quality of the essential oils are assessed from the point of view of both internal and external factors (genotype, ontogenesis, phenology, climatic influence, fertilization, composting) and from the way of harvesting and post-harvest treatment. Key words: Origanum, essential oil, genotype, phenology, fertilization
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The yield formation of spring wheat in depending on preceding crop
ŽÁČEK, Josef
This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the influence of three different pre-crops on the spring wheat growing in real conditions of a chosen agricultural business. In 2018, a pilot plant test was established on the property in KÚ Dolní Svince, č.p. 0802/23 with the total area of 13,19 ha. For the establishment of the pilot plant test, an area of 5 ha had been used, which, due to its position, occupied the area of all thre pre-crops (corn for silage, winter barley, winter triticale). During the vegetation period, the occurence of weeds had been monitored and the crop yield elements for all stages of all spring wheat had been evaluated. After the harvest, the real crop yield of the wheat had been evaluated and a final economical evaluation had been made. The average crop yield concerning the first option, (pre-crop corn for silage) reached the yield value of 5,65 t.ha-1 , which was a 0,42 t.ha-1 more than the second option (pre-crop winter barley), in which case the value of harvest was 5,23 t.ha-1. Concerning the third monitored option (pre-crop winter triticale), the harvest value was almost similar to the second option - 5,36 t.ha-1. The most suitable pre-crop for the highest harvest of spring wheat is corn for silage, which has reached the highest profit when compared to the other options. In spite of a less advantageous pre-crop, the third option reached the highest-quality of nitrogen and nitrogen compouns.
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Typological classification and categorization og grasslands in selected area and recommendation of sutable grassland management
KADLECOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this thesis was to create the botanic snap of the chosen locations, which were meadows, grasslands, pastures and also fallow grass areas, to determine the area coverage of three main agrobotanic species i.e. grass, herbs and clover, to process it with the statistcal software and determine the method and intensity of use and fertilization of individual locations and suggest the suitable prato-technical methods. The cenological structure of the locations has been observed and described using botanic snaps. The prato-technic method used were documented for each of the locations and evaluated the influence on the cenological structure. The research was performed in locations Vřeskovice, Čeletice, Městiště in the region Pilsen, former district of Klatovy. In each location the botanic snaps were taken from 3 areas of about 5 x 6 meters each. There were determined the area coverage of grass, herbs and clovers and calculated the mean indication value of humidity. Mean indication value of humidity is the parameter usable for determination of permanent grassland management and utilization. The data from the research was elaborated in software MS Excel. I recommend to manage the analyzed permanent grasslands as follows: 1. The meadow Vřeskovice behind the sewage cleaning station - additional sow of perennial rye grass, meadow clover and white clover. 2. The meadow Mstice - total recovery alternatively conservative prato-technic measures - manure fertilization for about 20t/ha and additional sow of meadow and white clover and grass - red fescue, blue grass and perennial ryegrass. 3. The meadow above the transformer station Vřeskovice - keep on current management od additional clovers sow. 4. The pasture Čeletice grazed by horses - keep on current management or additional sow of red fescue, tall fescue and timothy grass. 5. The meadow Městiště with combined utilization by cattle pasture and mowing - keep on current way of use. 6. The pasture Vřeskovice grazed by cattle - keep on current utilization or additional sow meadow and white clover. 7. The pasture Vřeskovice grazed by sheep - keep on the current utilization, in future after the reduction of dangerous knapweed to decrease the amount of pastured animals. 8. The fallow meadow Vřeskovice behind Petrovický neither mowed nor pastured - proposed mulching twice a year for about 1 or 2 years, then pasture or pasture of extensive cattle breed (Galloway) or sheep or periodical mowing once or twice a year. 9. The fallow meadow Vřeskovice trench at the farmhouse - leave as a fallow meadow improves the biodivesity, optionally to mow once or twice a year from estetical reasons.
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Stroje pro hnojení: příprava výukových materiálů
PAJTINKA, Martin
This thesis deals with the creation of educational materials, machines that are used in agriculture for fertilizing: Solid organic fertilizers, liquid organic fertilizers, solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers.In the introduction, there is described a short history and then various systems of fertilization, what they consist of and how they work. The thesis is created by searching, searching and comparing received information from professional literature and promotional information materials. The aim of the thesis is to create a text that could subsequently be used as supportive educational material to students who deal with issues of fertilization.
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