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Fertilization of maize sillage
VÁJA, Petr
This thesis is focused on an experiment dealing with fertilization of silage corn. The experiment was realized in 2021 in the agricultural enterprise Zemko Kožlí a.s. The field experiment was founded with a hybrid ES Joker and was fertilized with various combinations of fertilizers. In total, eight fertilization variants were created for the experiment in two repetitions. Fertilizers DAM 390, Urea and Amofos were used for fertilization. During the vegetation, differences between fertilization variants were monitored, namely in the number of plants, increase of above-ground biomass, weight of individual plants, weight and number of individual buds, and finally in the total yield from each variant. An additional criterion-em was the evaluation of the percentage of dry matter and the economic evaluation of each variant. The largest yield was recorded for the variant that was fertilized only with nitrogen in the fertilizer Urea. The lowest yield, on the other hand, was for the fertilized phosphorus variants in the fertilizer Amofos in combination with nitrogen in the fertilizer DAM 390. With the increasing dose of industrial fertilizers, the yield of biomass decreased. Experiments of corn fertilized with phosphorus reached higher dry matter.
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The influence of nitrogen on yield formatin of spring barley
JANUROVÁ, Eliška
The purpose of this diploma thesis was to find out the effect of a graduated dose of nitrogen fertilization on the revenue elements (number of plants per area, number offshoots per area, number of ears per area, number of grains inside one ear and weight of thousand seeds) of the spring barley. The field experiment was established in the spring of 2021 on a private family farm which belongs to Mr. Jaroslav Čech and it is located in Běleč near Mladá Vožice. Spring barley of the Bente variety was sown in the experimental field. The experimental doses of nitrogen fertilization were determined as follows: 20 kg. ha -1,50 kg. ha-1, 80 kg. ha-1, 110 kg. ha-1. The evaluated data were processed and recorded into tables and graphs in the results chapter. The highest revenue elements were reached in the variant IV, where was applied 110 kg pure nutrients of nitrogen fertilizer. The revenue elements in individual variants were decreasing with decreasing dose of nitrogen fertilization.
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Effect of selected fertilizer a bioactive preparation on winter oilseed rape production
PAUL, Radim
The goal of this thesis was to establish and evaluate a pilot experiment. The effect of 5 variants with the application of biostimulants on yield-producing elements, yield and oiliness of winter rape seeds was evaluated. No biostimulant was applied in the control variant. In variant 1, 0.5 l of ExelGrow was applied in BBCH phase 34. In variant 2, 5 l of Talisman was applied in BBCH phase 39. In variant 3, 2 l and 3 l of Talisman were applied in BBCH stages 39 and 51. In variant 4, 2 l of Talisman was applied in BBCH phase 39, 3 l of Talisman was applied in BBCH phase 51 and 0.5 l of ExelGrow was applied in BBCH phase 51. The experiment was carried out in the 2020/2021 marketing year on a family farm near the village of Dobkov near city of Chotěboř. The content of nutrients in the dry matter of above-ground biomass was only minimally affected by the individual variants. The actual seed yield was positively affected, with variant 4 (4.14 t*ha-1) achieving the highest yield. The oil content of the seeds was not statistically significantly affected by the variants. Variant 2 reached the highest oil content (42.40 %). Of the monitored yield-generating elements, the weight of a thousand seeds was negatively affected by individual variants, the highest was in the control (5 g). On the contrary, the number of pods on the plant was positively affected with a statistically significant difference (150 pcs) in variant 4. The number of seeds in the pod was not affected by the individual variants (18 - 19 pcs).
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Winter wheat growing in terms of selected farms
PAUL, Radim
The goal of the bachelor thesis was to establish and evaluate a pilot experiment. The effect of 3 nutritional variants with a graded dosage of nitrogen and the application of a growth regulator with the active substance trinexapac-ethyl on the yield and quality parameters of winter wheat grain was evaluated. There was 145 kg pure nutrient N*ha-1 of growth regulator in scenario 1, 191 kg pure nutrient N*ha-1 in scenario 2 and 191 kg pure nutrient N*ha-1 with applied growth regulator in scenario 3. The experiment was performed on a family farm in the growing season of the year 2018 and 2019 near the village Dobkov by the town Chotěboř. The actual yield was in scenarios 2 and 3 was only slightly increased (in the order of tens of kilograms) in spite of the higher dosage of nitrogen in scenario 2 and the application of a growth regulator in scenario 3. Both the higher dosage of nitrogen and the addition of growth regulator had a positive effect on yield-forming elements, and increased the number of ears per m2, further reducing the average number of grains in a spike in scenarios 2 and 3. The weight of one thousand grains was positively affected by a higher dosage of nitrogen in scenario 2, but negatively affected in scenario 3. All quality parameters (nitrogen content, gluten content, Zeleny test and bulk mass) were positively affected by a higher dosage of nitrogen in scenario 2. The application of the growth regulator in scenario 3 increased the declining trend, the Zeleny test, the gluten content, the nitrogen content and also negatively affected the bulk mass.
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Vliv technologie pěstování kukuřice seté na množství organického uhlíku v půdě a kvalitu půdní organické hmoty
KADLEČEK, Ondřej
The aim of the diploma thesis entitled "Influence of maize cultivation technology on the amount of organic carbon in the soil and the quality of soil organic matter" was a comparison of quantity and quality non - humidified soil organic matter in various maize cultivation technologies. The work included not only literary research, but even field experiment, thus regular soil sampling, their processing and subsequent analysis. The theoretical part was focused on growing corn in the conditions of the Czech Republic, description, division and importance of soil organic matter, methods for determining its quality and quantity. The practical part dealt with the establishment of a field experiment of maize, soil sampling, their processing and analysis. The obtained values were used to determine the amount and quality of the primary soil organic matter, which was expressed by the rate constant of its oxidation. The obtained data were statistically evaluated in the program STATISTICA 12. The effects of sampling dates, weed control methods and fertilization variants on various soil characteristics were determined.
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Vliv stupňovaných dávek dusíku na výnos a kvalitu osiva kukuřice
Dostál, Jiří
This paper undertakes an assessment of the impact of staggered doses on the yield and quality of maize seed. The task was resolved in the form of a semi-operational field test on a seed multiplication field for maize in the municipality of Kelčany in 2016. 90 kg.ha-1 N was applied to all variants, followed at the 10-leaf stage by a staggered application of nitrogen contained in DASA fertilizer. The test comprised five variant dosages: 1st - fertilized with 120 kg.ha-1 N, 2nd - 90 kg.ha-1 N, 3rd - 60 kg.ha- 1 N, 4th - 30 kg.ha-1 N, and 5th variant - no fertilizer. After harvesting, grain yield at t.ha-1 was determined at 14 % dry mass. For determining the quality of seed, the maize was calibrated by grain size fractions and the germination rate was tested. For Variant 1, which received the highest fertilizer dosage, the highest grain yield was established compared to the control group. For the other variants, no substantial difference in yield was observed. Based on this one-year field test, the most suitable nitrogen doses in relation to yield and seed quality are 90 kg.ha -1 N and 60 kg.ha-1 N.
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Stroje pro aplikaci digestátu
Zeman, Martin
The work deals with the first part of the existing machines for handling the digestate - drawn tanks and self-propelled applicators. It also deals with various variants of applicators and ancillary equipment used for application of digestate. It is also described by the quality of the selected machines and of the economic and technical evaluation of the application options. Followed by evaluation of field measurements focused on the absorption of nutrients in the soil, depending on the method of application. The last part of the work is optimization resulting from the measurement results.
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Vliv odstupňovaných dávek živin a počtu sečí na druhovou skladbu a primární produkci polopřirozeného travního porostu
Kinc, Jaroslav
This diploma thesis deals with influence of fertilizing and usage intensity on species composition and primary production of semi-natural grassland. The issue was solved through an experiment at Kameničky stand, which is located at Bohemian-Moravian Highlands at an altitude of 650 m. In the experiment were evaluated variants of fertilizing: non-fertilized, fertilized P30+K60, fertilized N90+P30+K60 and fertilized N180+P30+K60 with a double-cutting and triple-cutting usage intensities in 2014 and 2015. The results showed, that nitrogen fertilizing promoted the development of grasses (P<0,05) and reduced the proportion of clovers and herbs (P<0,05) in the stand. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizing in the stand increased proportion of clovers at the expense of herbs. Beside 2015, conclusive higher proportion of clovers was in the stand in 2014 (P<0,05). Double-cutting intensity of usage promoted numbers of grasses and decreased numbers of clovers in the stand. Triple-cutting intensity of usage increased proportion of clovers in the stands, which were richer on species. Triple-cutting stands had higher Hill's diversity index, which was decreased with higher fertilizing intensity, same as number of species in the stand. Fertilizing conclusively increased yields of dry fodder (P<0,05). Double-cutting stands indicated higher yields of dry fodder (6,46 t.ha-1) than triple-cutting stands (5,96 t.ha-1). Beside 2015 (5,68 t.ha-1), higher yields of dry fodder (6,74 t.ha-1)were in 2014 (P<0,05).
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Využití růstových stimulátorů v intenzifikaci pěstování sazenic smrku ztepilého v lesní školce LESCUS Cetkovice
Vančura, Petr
Aim of this work is to determine the applicability of growth stimulators in intensive cultivation of spruce seedlings and to assess their effect on the seedlings based on different varieties of applied fertilizers. Hypothetically, every examined variety (excluding the control variety) would respond with increased growth in both aboveground and belowground biomass. Theoretical part of presented thesis is based on knowledge of scientific literature. Practical part describes the methodology of measurement and data processing. On the provided plot we established eight varieties, which were compared to ecach other (Silvamix®R30S2+VERMAKTIV Stimul, Silvamix®R30S2, Silvamix®R30S, Silvamix®R50S2, Silvamix®R30, Agluform®90S, calcareous dolomite, control). Data were collected in course of two years. Observed parameters were namely: aboveground height, yearly increment, thickness of root collar and overall health and vitality. Results are matching the criteria in majority of observed cases, best results were detected in R50s2, SR, SRs2_VrmS varieties, worst resutlts were obtained in VapDol together with K variety. Measured data were analysed with STATISTICA software using the ANOVA variance analysis.
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