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Germination requirements of rare and common plant species of Giant Mountains
Paulů, Andrea ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Moravcová, Lenka (referee)
For a long time studies were focused on searching optimal conditions of germination of individual species. During the last few years studies have started to search for a relationship between germination and various species characteristics. Most of them, however, use only one temperature during germination tests. Very few studies use more than one temperature during the germination tests. In the last years studies started also to compare germination between rare and common species, but these studies compare just a few species. There are no studies which would compare germination on broader range of species. Aim of this study was to indentify which factors are determing germination of species and to find relationships between germination and characteristics of rare species (n=62). Another aim was to find out differences in germination of pairs (n=24) of closely related rare and common species. To test the germination I have chosen a methodology with several consecutive temperatures. Throughout the time of testing , the seeds were placed either in light or in dark. The dataset was processed by linear regression. The results show that germination requirements of species are determinet by time of flowering, weight of seeds, dispersal mode, species requirements for soil humidity and nutrients and type of...
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Uplatnění vybraných forem selenu při pěstování máku setého (Papaver somniferum L.)
Tobek, Ladislav
Selenium is an essential element for human organism. One of the possible ways to increase its quantity in food is a biofortification of crops. Czech Republic is the largest producer of poppy seeds in the world, it could be therefore viable to increase the nutritional value of selenium in this crop. The goal of this thesis was a recognition of suitability of selected forms of selenium for biofortification of seeds of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Aside from the distribution of selenium in the plant of poppy and its accumulation in the harvested seeds this study also investigates the effect of its soil and foliar application on the yield and weight of a thousand of seeds. The selenium was applied into the soil in 150, 300, and 600 g Se.ha-1 doses in the form of SeO32- and SeO42- in our one-year container experiment. The same forms of selenium were also applied foliarly in the 20 and 40 g Se.ha-1 doses in our one-year small-plot experiment. It is evident from the analysis of the distribution of selenium in the individual parts of the plant that selenite was accumulated primarily in the lower part of the plant (stalk and leafs) and only a maximum of 25.1% of the total was integrated in the capsule. Selenium, in the form of selenate, was contained in the capsule at a rate of 39.9 to 62.6% of the overall weight of the selenium contained in the whole plant. Soil and foliar application did not influence the yield and weight of a thousand of seeds. In both the container and field experiment the application of an increasing amount of selenium in the form of both selenite and selenate has significantly increased its presence in the harvested seed. Our results suggest that selenate is a better form of selenium for the biofortification of poppy.
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Germination requirements of rare and common plant species of Giant Mountains
Paulů, Andrea ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Moravcová, Lenka (referee)
For a long time studies were focused on searching optimal conditions of germination of individual species. During the last few years studies have started to search for a relationship between germination and various species characteristics. Most of them, however, use only one temperature during germination tests. Very few studies use more than one temperature during the germination tests. In the last years studies started also to compare germination between rare and common species, but these studies compare just a few species. There are no studies which would compare germination on broader range of species. Aim of this study was to indentify which factors are determing germination of species and to find relationships between germination and characteristics of rare species (n=62). Another aim was to find out differences in germination of pairs (n=24) of closely related rare and common species. To test the germination I have chosen a methodology with several consecutive temperatures. Throughout the time of testing , the seeds were placed either in light or in dark. The dataset was processed by linear regression. The results show that germination requirements of species are determinet by time of flowering, weight of seeds, dispersal mode, species requirements for soil humidity and nutrients and type of...
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Plant competition in the early ontogeny
Čiháková, Klára ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Fendrych, Matyáš (referee)
Competitive impacts on early stages of plant ontogeny are being reviewed in this thesis. Those processes select for evolutionary or phenotypically plastic responses in timing of emergence, seed morphological properties, maternal effects and reaction on environmental cues. However, pattern of the strong selective pressure is sometimes not apparent, due to the lack of data and knowledge on the influence of the other factors in plant's life.
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