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Vliv struktury krmných směsí na parametry metabolismu pomalu rostoucích kuřat
Čumplík, Lukáš
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of the structure of feed mixtures on the metabolism parameters of slow-growing broilers. The issue of this topic was documented in the literature review. In the experimental part, an experiment was described regarding the determination of the influence of the structure of feed mixtures on nitrogen retention, ileal digestibility, parameters of organs of the digestive tract, histomorphometric parameters and the structure of feces. For research purposes, 120 slow-growing Hubbard JA 57 broilers were fattened for 49 days. During the fattening period, all broilers were fed feed mixtures identical in terms of nutrients, they differed only in the structure of the feed. 3 different textures were created - fine, medium and coarse. The feed mixtures were sieved through a system of sieves to determine the proportion of particle sizes. The influence of the structure of the feed mixtures on nitrogen retention was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the BR3 feed mixture, when it was shown that coarse particles have a positive effect on nitrogen retention. The results were not statistically significant for the BR2 feed mixture (P>0.05). When investigating the influence of the structure of the feed mixtures on the parameters of the organs of the digestive tract, a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) was found in the height of the muscle of the gizzard. For the other investigated parameters, the results were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Regarding the histomorphometric measurement, a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between the coarse feed mixture and the ratio of the length of the villi and the depth of the crypts in the duodenum and the depth of the crypts in the ileum. At the same time, it was evaluated as a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the structure of the feed and the structure of the droppings.
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The histological estimation of the age-at-death of an individual from the burned and unburned compact bone of the human rib.
Absolonová, Karolína ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Němečková, Alena (referee) ; Masnicová, Soňa (referee)
The content of the presented dissertation work is the study of the histological structure of the burned and unburned compact bone of the human rib. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the differently high cremation temperatures on the structure of the bone tissue, and, on the basis of these findings, to design an applicable methodology for the estimation of the age-at-death of an unknown individual. As the research material the recent human ribs were used, belonging to the individuals of known age-at-death, sex and cause of death. The skeletal samples were experimentally burned under the beforehand set conditions. Every bone was divided into several pieces; one of them remained unburned, and the other were burned at the temperatures of 600, 700, 800 and 1000řC. From burned and unburned bone samples the undecalcified and unstained cross- sections were made, which were microscopically analysed under the magnification of 100×. The histological analysis was performed in the digital microphotographs using the SigmaScan Pro 5 image analysis programme. In each cross-section in total 28 variables were studied, and obtained histomorphometric data were statistically processed using the Statistica 6 programme. The result of the research is the description of the changes of histological structures caused by...
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