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Determination of Blood Pressure Parameters for Ventilation Control during Anaestesia in Horses
Horský, Martin ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
The present work deals with the issue of hemodynamic monitoring of blood pressure in horses during mechanical ventilation in anesthetized horses. Result of this work is an extension to the application Datex-Ohmeda S/5 Collect, which from the pressure curve provides values needed for optimal ventilation. Initial chapter provides a general physiologic introduction. It describes the definition of blood pressure, cardiac cycle and description of the pressure curve. It also deals with the hemodynamic parameters such as pulse pressure, stroke volume and their variabilities. In the second chapter is described methodology of measuring blood pressure in horses. Both, noninvasive and invasive methods are included. The third chapter analyzes fluctuations in blood pressure during ventilation. The last fourth chapter describes the implemented extension module which is designed to monitor hemodynamic parameters of the pressure curve.
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Pulmonary pathophysiology during circulatory support.
Popková, Michaela ; Mlček, Mikuláš (advisor) ; Rohn, Vilém (referee) ; Otáhal, Michal (referee)
Introduction: Left-ventricular (LV) distension and consequent pulmonary congestion are complications frequently discussed in patients with severe LV dysfunction treated with veno- arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). The goal of this study was to describe the influence of high VA ECMO flows to LV distension, lung hemodynamics, and lung fluid accumulation. Methods of LV decompression were studied to prevent lung edema. Methods: In all experiments porcine models under general anesthesia were used. The effects of high extracorporeal blood flow (EBF) on LV heart work were assessed in a chronic heart failure model. The effects of LV afterload on lung fluid accumulation were evaluated by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) on acute heart failure models. Phase and frequency filtration and mathematical analysis were applied to the raw EIT data. Subsequently, mini- invasive techniques of LV decompression were evaluated for LV work. Results: The stepwise increases of VA ECMO flow improved both hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters. Nevertheless, it also caused distension and increased work of LV. The rise in EBF led to increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and lung fluid accumulation assessed by EIT in heart failure. The methods for LV decompression (Impella pump, atrial...
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Determination of Blood Pressure Parameters for Ventilation Control during Anaestesia in Horses
Horský, Martin ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
The present work deals with the issue of hemodynamic monitoring of blood pressure in horses during mechanical ventilation in anesthetized horses. Result of this work is an extension to the application Datex-Ohmeda S/5 Collect, which from the pressure curve provides values needed for optimal ventilation. Initial chapter provides a general physiologic introduction. It describes the definition of blood pressure, cardiac cycle and description of the pressure curve. It also deals with the hemodynamic parameters such as pulse pressure, stroke volume and their variabilities. In the second chapter is described methodology of measuring blood pressure in horses. Both, noninvasive and invasive methods are included. The third chapter analyzes fluctuations in blood pressure during ventilation. The last fourth chapter describes the implemented extension module which is designed to monitor hemodynamic parameters of the pressure curve.
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The comparison of some hemodynamics parameters, obtained by two non-invasive measurement methods - echocardiography and impedance cardiography (HOTMAN System) by patients with systemic hypertension
SASSMANNOVÁ, Anna
Echocardiography is an investigation of heart via scan. This enables to intend the moving and the locality of heart structures via scan pulse waves which are repulsed with acoustic interfaces. Impedance measuring of the thorax hemodynamics is based on changes of electrical impedance. These changes happen mainly because of the heart function. By its rhytmical function the heart periodically changes the conditions of blood flow through all vessels. By this we can explain periodical changes of impedance with frequence of heartbeat which we can observe by measuring. In this work I describe the comparison of two noninvasive investigation methods {--} echocardiography and impedance measuring of hemodynamics (Hotman System). We can use both of them to examine patients with high blood pressure (hypertension). My measurings are based on hemodynamics concept of hypertension. I did not take into account the actual treatment of patients. It is reviewed only patient´s actual situation and values of EF (ejection fraction) and CI (cardiac index) are compared in the same time by the same conditions.
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