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Preventive examinations from the perspective of nurse
KVÁŠOVÁ, Iveta
The theoretical background: In society, the concept of health and illness is understood as two sharply separated values. The health affects the quality of human life. The aim of preventive health check-ups is to detect health problems and illnesses at an early stage. Each client is recommended to undergo a health check-up at the general practitioner each two years. Newborns, infants and toddlers under one year old should visit a practitioner nine times, another health check-up should be at the age of 18 months, then at the age of 3 years, and then every two years. Every citizen under the age of 18 years is entitled to undergo a preventive dental check-up every six months. A pregnant woman is entitled to visit the dentist twice during her pregnancy, an adult once a year. Girls from the age of 15 years should undergo a preventive gynaecological exam once a year. General practitioners and nurses, who guide patients their whole life in the health care system, symbolise a role of responsible and active approach to prevention. Preventive care service at work is carried out in order to report the statement of fitness for work. Aim: The aim of my Bachelor´s thesis was to describe the role of nurses during preventive check-ups at the general practitioner for adults. The research was carried out by a qualitative survey in form of non-standardized interviews. Firstly, we set three research questions: 1. What information about preventive check-ups do nurses give to clients? 2. How do nurses address their clients about the invitation for preventive check-ups? 3. What role do nurses have when carrying out preventive check-ups? During the research nurses cooperating with general practitioners for adults were interviewed. There were eight interviews in total in the region of Humpolec and České Budějovice. The interview itself contained 13 questions (see Appendix 1). The research took place in period February ? March. All respondents agreed with the research. The results of the research are presented in Chapter 4. Results: The results show us that all the respondents have got a secondary school education, only one of them has got a specialized training ?ARIP? (nursing care specialized in anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care). The respondents learn new modifications in preventive health check-ups from a doctor, or they follow trainings and seminars. The most of the respondents said that a lot of clients do not realize risks of not going to preventive health check-ups, except for university graduates who are aware of risks. Then, we have found that clients get information about the claim to preventive health check-ups from the respondents, doctors, leaflets, television, radio, and informative posters. The respondents give clients basic information about preventive health check-ups, schedules, home preparation for the medical examination, and a course of the medical examination. It has been found out that in some regions a low percentage of clients go to preventive health check-ups. The respondents try to convince risk groups, however, they do not insist on risk groups to come. The respondents invite clients orally for preventive check-ups, it is not used to send invitations anymore. The clients must look after their preventive check-ups by themselves. The respondents try to act positively with clients and to be a good example to them. It has been also found out that the respondents take care of sufficient consumer articles and hygiene and epidemiology mode during the preventive check-ups. In the waiting room the respondents and dealers are in charge of raising patients´ awareness. Conclusion: All the research questions were answered. The purpose of the Bachelor´s thesis was accomplished. Now, it will depend only on nurses and clients and their attitude to preventive health check-ups. As we say at work: "Prevention is better than cure."
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The view of different forms of current age
MARTÍNKOVÁ, Jaroslava
The thesis has a theoretical characteristic, it focuses and desribes the current age issue from the demographic, biologic, psychological and social prospective. It addresses the relationship of the society and senior citizens and describes the demonstration of age, the needs of senior citizens, their adaptability to different types of changes and also to health conditions of older people. It also focuses on the end of life, dying and etical principles.
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THE CHANGE OF LIFE STYLE OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY
STÖCKEL, Barbora
Abstract Thesis Title: Changing the Lifestyle of People with Disability For my bachelor thesis, I have chosen the theme of change in lifestyle of people with disability. The main purpose, which led me to make this personal choice of this subject, was to bring a healthy population some detailed insight into the lives of people living without internal differences. Specifically of those, whose complications in their life journey forced them to be transformed from healthy individuals into clients of rehabilitation centres, who are fully dependent upon this specialized medical care and who are in need our help. My main motivation was my own empathy for these people. Then my aim was to also pinpoint the key issues that burdened these disabled people, and to also propose some possible solutions. The results I would like to introduce consist of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the particular definition of disability, lifestyle and comprehensive rehabilitation. The practical part is then presented in form of in-depth interviews with respondents who have experienced a very close connection with this theme. To obtain the necessary data, I have chosen the type of qualitative research using a narrative interview method. Interviews were recorded on an audio recorder and this was based on the consent of the respondent; then these interviews have been transcribed into written form, thus keeping their original length and colloquial form of language for maintaining authenticity. The respondents were selected randomly; their selection was based upon previous long-term personal contact during their joint stays in the healthcare environment. A pivotal aspect of my findings was that the key issues of the respondents have always been repeated and organized with only some minimal modification. The most noticeable change in human lifestyle of these people with disabilities is their limitation of freedom. Here, I would like to quote one of the respondents, who says: "Actually you do not live, but survive ..." I believe that my work objectives have been attained. With regard to any limitations resulting from my findings, these people with a "second" life bring to - 5 - humanity sense of boundless proposefullness and, in my opinion, this problem should be submitted to our society much more scientifically than it ever has been done before. Along with the use of the elimination of the factor of ignorance of healthy people and shame of people with disabilities, this solution is aimed as a direct way to reduce the huge distance between people with and without disabilities.
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